由于memcached安裝時，需要使用libevent類庫，所以先安裝libevent

libevent下載網(wǎng)址:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/

本手冊中下載的是 libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz版本安裝步驟如下:

1. 解壓縮

tar xzfv libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz

2. 進(jìn)入到 libevent-1.4.8-stable目錄

cd libevent-1.4.8-stable

3. 編譯，安裝

./configure

make

make install

注：默認(rèn)安裝到/usr/local/lib/ 目錄

接下來，安裝memcached

memcached下載網(wǎng)址:http://www.danga.com/memcached/download.bml

本手冊中下載的是 memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz版本

安裝步驟如下:

1. 解壓縮

tar xzfv memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz

2. 進(jìn)入到 memcached-1.2.6目錄

cd memcached-1.2.6

3. 編譯，安裝

./configure --prefix=/local/memcached

make

make install

安裝完成后，會在 /local/memcached 出現(xiàn) bin和share目錄

進(jìn)行 bin目錄，啟動 memcache

方法如下:

./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211

此時，會報一個異常

error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因是找不到libevent-1.4.so.2類庫，解決辦法如下：

使用LD_DEBUG=help ./memcached -v來確定 加載的類庫路徑,方法如下:

LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less

則系統(tǒng)會顯示:

linux:/local/memcached/bin # LD_DEBUG = libs ./memcached -v  2 >& 1  > /dev/null | less

20421 :     find library = libevent- 1.4 .so .2 ;  searching

20421 :      search cache = /etc/ld.so.cache

20421 :      search path = /lib/tls/i686/sse2:/lib/tls/i686:/lib/tls/sse2:/lib/tls:/lib/i686/sse2:/lib/i686:/lib/sse2:/lib:/usr/lib/tls/i686

/sse2:/usr/lib/tls/i686:/usr/lib/tls/sse2:/usr/lib/tls:/usr/lib/i686/sse2:/usr/lib/i686:/usr/lib/sse2:/usr/lib          (system search path)

20421 :       trying file = /lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/tls/i686/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/tls/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/tls/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/i686/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/i686/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /lib/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/tls/i686/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/tls/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/tls/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/i686/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/i686/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/sse2/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :       trying file = /usr/lib/libevent- 1.4 .so .2

20421 :

./memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent- 1.4 .so .2 : cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我們看到，memcached會到很多地方去找，所以根據(jù)其它求，我們只需建一個軟鏈接，指定到我們安裝的類庫上即可

方法如下：

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2 /lib/libevent-1.4.so. 2

現(xiàn)在可以正常啟動memcached了

./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211

到這里，看到memcached已經(jīng)啟動，說明安裝成功。

如果要結(jié)束Memcache進(jìn)程，執(zhí)行：

# kill `cat /tmp/memcached.pid`

也可以啟動多個守護(hù)進(jìn)程，不過端口不能重復(fù)。

memcache啟動參數(shù)說明:

-d選項是啟動一個守護(hù)進(jìn)程，

-m是分配給Memcache使用的內(nèi)存數(shù)量，單位是MB，我這里是10MB，

-u是運(yùn)行Memcache的用戶，我這里是root，

-l是監(jiān)聽的服務(wù)器IP地址，如果有多個地址的話，我這里指定了服務(wù)器的IP地址192.168.0.200，

-p是設(shè)置Memcache監(jiān)聽的端口，我這里設(shè)置了12000，***是1024以上的端口，

-c選項是***運(yùn)行的并發(fā)連接數(shù)，默認(rèn)是1024，我這里設(shè)置了256，按照你服務(wù)器的負(fù)載量來設(shè)定，

-P是設(shè)置保存Memcache的pid文件，我這里是保存在 /tmp/memcached.pid
 

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