你們知道什么是standby安裝么,這個(gè)非常高深的運(yùn)用技術(shù)將由我來(lái)非常講解，standby安裝NB在哪呢，下面我來(lái)進(jìn)入講述standby安裝的無(wú)限領(lǐng)域與Primary和standby安裝oracle 10G。

standby安裝步驟。

Primary設(shè)置

1)修改主庫(kù)屬性
我這里選用192.168.1.79作為primary。[oracle@centos79 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Aug 14 13:45:14 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.SQL> conn / as sysdbaConnected.SQL> alter database force logging;alter database force logging ERROR at line 1:ORA-12920: database is already in force logging mode之前改過(guò)了。SQL>

2)修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為歸檔模式
SQL> archive log list)Database log mode) Archive Mode Automatic archival))) EnabledArchive destination)))USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DESTOldest online log sequence) 3 Next log sequence to archive 5 Current log sequence))5 SQL>現(xiàn)在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已經(jīng)運(yùn)行在歸檔模式下。

3)創(chuàng)建密碼文件
同一個(gè)Dataguard中所有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)必須擁有獨(dú)立的密碼文件，并且保證sys用戶(hù)擁有相同密碼來(lái)保證redo的傳輸。[oracle@centos79 dbs]$ orapwd file='/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl.ora' password=system entries=10

4)standby配置oracle 10G
Su到root用戶(hù)在/home下創(chuàng)建存放standby redo log目錄SQL> shutdown immediateSQL> startup mountAlter database add standby logfile group 4('/home/oracle/oracle/dgredo/standby_redo4a.log','/home/oracle/oracle/dgredo/standby_redo4b.log') size 50M;

5)創(chuàng)建primary數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化參數(shù)
通過(guò)修改創(chuàng)建的pfile，然后重新生成spfile,SQL> create pfile from spfile;File created.SQL>備份一份pfile.cp /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora /home/oracle/oracle/

6)設(shè)置主庫(kù)參數(shù)文件
*.db_name='orcl'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/usr/local/ora10/flash_recovery_area/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl76 arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'#standby角色參數(shù)
*.FAL_SERVER=orcl76
*.FAL_CLIENT=orcl79
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=’oradata/orcl’,’oradata/orcl’
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=’oradata/orcl’,’oradata/orcl’
.standby_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

7)用pfile啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
SQL> Shutdown immediate
SQL> startup pfile='/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora';
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup

8)修改listener.ora
[oracle@centos79 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1522))
LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1523))

9)修改tnsnames.ora文件
[oracle@centos79 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER_ORCL =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1522)
ORCL79 =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1522)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos76)(PORT = 1522)
(CONNECT_DATA =)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
ORCL76 =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos76)(PORT = 1521)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1521)
(CONNECT_DATA =)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
ORCL254 =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.254)(PORT = 1521)
(CONNECT_DATA =) 
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS_LIST =) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1)
(CONNECT_DATA =) 
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
[oracle@centos79 admin]$
確保tnsping兩臺(tái)機(jī)器都能 ping通

10)備份數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
RMAN> backup full database format '/home/oracle/oracle/backup_%T_%s_%p.bak';

11)創(chuàng)建standby數(shù)據(jù)控制文件
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/oracle/dgredo/standby.ctl';
Database altered.
SQL>

12)拷貝密碼文件，數(shù)據(jù)文件，standby controlfile到備機(jī)
[oracle@centos79 orcl]$ scp /home/oracle/oracle/dgredo/standby.ctl root@192.168.1.76:/usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/

standby安裝配置

1)創(chuàng)建對(duì)應(yīng)目錄
$ORACLE_BASE下oradata,admin,flash_recovery_area目錄

2)拷貝文件，包括數(shù)據(jù)文件，standby controlfile，全庫(kù)備份文件，參數(shù)文件，監(jiān)聽(tīng)和服務(wù)文件
[root@centos79 dbs]# scp initorcl.ora orapworcl.ora oracle@192.168.1.76:/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/
root@centos79 admin]# scp listener.ora sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora oracle@192.168.1.76:/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

3)創(chuàng)建控制文件
[oracle@centos76 orcl]$ mv standby.ctl /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
[oracle@centos76 orcl]$ cp control01.ctl /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
[oracle@centos76 orcl]$ cp control01.ctl /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl
[oracle@centos76 orcl]$

4)配置listener,tnsname
Lintener.ora文件如下。[oracle@centos76 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =)
(SID_DESC =) 
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =)
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos76)(PORT = 1521)
LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =)
(DESCRIPTION =) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos76)(PORT = 1522)

TNSNAMES.ORA文件如下
[oracle@centos76 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER_ORCL =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1522))
ORCL79 =(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos79)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =) 
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
ORCL76 =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = centos76)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =) 
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
ORCL254 =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.254)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =)
(ADDRESS_LIST =) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(CONNECT_DATA =) 
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)

5)設(shè)置備庫(kù)參數(shù)文件
*.db_name='orcl'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/usr/local/ora10/flash_recovery_area/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl79 arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=parimary'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
#standby角色參數(shù)
*.FAL_SERVER=orcl79
*.FAL_CLIENT=orcl76
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=’oradata/orcl’,’oradata/orcl’
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=’oradata/orcl’,’oradata/orcl’
*.standby_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

6)standby安裝創(chuàng)建密碼文件
[oracle@centos76 ~]$ orapwd file='/usr/local/ora10/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl76.ora' password=system entries=20

7)在備庫(kù)上建立spfile
$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'SQL> create spfile from pfile;
啟動(dòng)物理備庫(kù)
SQL> startup nomount
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
備庫(kù)做rman恢復(fù)
$ rman target /)   (要求主備庫(kù)rman備份文件的存放路徑和文件名一致)
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 18-AUG-09
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 18-AUG-09
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=153 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 8 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 18-AUG-09
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 18-AUG-09
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 4 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 18-AUG-09
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00002 to /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /usr/local/ora10/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/oracle/backup_20090818_11_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/oracle/backup_20090818_11_1.bak tag=TAG20090818T165957
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
Finished restore at 18-AUG-09

8)standby安裝備庫(kù)啟動(dòng)redo apply
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;Database altered.SQL>

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