MySQL VS SQL Server之用法差別
由于工作的原因:上家公司的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)全采用MySQL,所以不得不用它。因此也學(xué)到了MySQL的一些知識(shí),但考慮到今后可能沒機(jī)會(huì)使用了,所以想趁現(xiàn)在離職在家休息,打算把這些東西整理一下,也為了萬(wàn)一今后能用上,留個(gè)參考的資源??紤]到一直在使用SQL Server,所以就打算直接與SQL Server對(duì)比來寫。
本文將主要列出MySQL與SQL Server不同的地方,且以常用的存儲(chǔ)過程的相關(guān)內(nèi)容為主。
1. 標(biāo)識(shí)符限定符
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | 標(biāo)識(shí)符限定符 |
SQL Server | [] |
MySQL | `` |
2. 字符串相加
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | 字符串相加 |
SQL Server | 直接用 + |
MySQL | concat() |
3. isnull()
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | isnull() |
SQL Server | isnull() |
MySQL | ifnull() |
注意:MySQL也有isnull()函數(shù),但意義不一樣
4. getdate()
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | getdate() |
SQL Server | getdate() |
MySQL | now() |
5. newid()
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | newid() |
SQL Server | newid() |
MySQL | uuid() |
6. @@ROWCOUNT
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | @@ROWCOUNT |
SQL Server | @@ROWCOUNT |
MySQL | row_count() |
注意:MySQL的這個(gè)函數(shù)僅對(duì)于update, insert, delete有效
7. SCOPE_IDENTITY()
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | SCOPE_IDENTITY() |
SQL Server | SCOPE_IDENTITY() |
MySQL | last_insert_id() |
8. if ... else ...
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) | if ... else ... |
SQL Server |
-- 若要定義語(yǔ)句塊,請(qǐng)使用控制流關(guān)鍵字 BEGIN 和 END。 |
MySQL |
注意:對(duì)于MySql來說,then, end if是必須的。類似的還有其它的流程控制語(yǔ)句,這里就不一一列出。 |
9. declare
其實(shí),SQL Server和MySQL都有這個(gè)語(yǔ)句,用于定義變量,但差別在于:在MySQL中,DECLARE僅被用在BEGIN ... END復(fù)合語(yǔ)句里,并且必須在復(fù)合語(yǔ)句的開頭,在任何其它語(yǔ)句之前。這個(gè)要求在寫游標(biāo)時(shí),會(huì)感覺很BT.
10. 游標(biāo)的寫法
SQL Server
- declare @tempShoppingCart table (ProductId int, Quantity int)
- insert into @tempShoppingCart (ProductId, Quantity)
- select ProductId, Quantity from ShoppingCart where UserGuid = @UserGuid
- declare @productId int
- declare @quantity int
- declare tempCartCursor cursor for
- select ProductId, Quantity from @tempShoppingCart
- open tempCartCursor
- fetch next from tempCartCursor into @productId, @quantity
- while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
- begin
- update Product set SellCount = SellCount + @quantity where productId = @productId
- fetch next from tempCartCursor into @productId, @quantity
- end
- close tempCartCursor
- deallocate tempCartCursor
MySQL
- declare m_done int default 0;
- declare m_sectionId int;
- declare m_newsId int;
- declare _cursor_SN cursor for select sectionid, newsid from _temp_SN;
- declare continue handler for not found set m_done = 1;
- create temporary table _temp_SN select sectionid, newsid from SectionNews group by sectionid, newsid having count(*) > 1;
- open _cursor_SN;
- while( m_done = 0 ) do
- fetch _cursor_SN into m_sectionId, m_newsId;
- if( m_done = 0 ) then
- -- 具體的處理邏輯
- end if;
- end while;
- close _cursor_SN;
- drop table _temp_SN;
注意:為了提高性能,通常在表變量上打開游標(biāo),不要直接在數(shù)據(jù)表上打開游標(biāo)。
11. 分頁(yè)的處理
SQL Server
- create procedure GetProductByCategoryId(
- @CategoryID int,
- @PageIndex int = 0,
- @PageSize int = 20,
- @TotalRecords int output
- )
- as
- begin
- declare @ResultTable table
- (
- RowIndex int,
- ProductID int,
- ProductName nvarchar(50),
- CategoryID int,
- Unit nvarchar(10),
- UnitPrice money,
- Quantity int
- );
- insert into @ResultTable
- select row_number() over (order by ProductID asc) as RowIndex,
- p.ProductID, p.ProductName, p.CategoryID, p.Unit, p.UnitPrice, p.Quantity
- from Products as p
- where CategoryID = @CategoryID;
- select @TotalRecords = count(*) from @ResultTable;
- select *
- from @ResultTable
- where RowIndex > (@PageSize * @PageIndex) and RowIndex <= (@PageSize * (@PageIndex+1));
- end;
當(dāng)然,SQL Server中并不只有這一種寫法,只是這種寫法是比較常見而已。
MySQL
- create procedure GetProductsByCategoryId(
- in _categoryId int,
- in _pageIndex int,
- in _pageSize int,
- out _totalRecCount int
- )
- begin
- set @categoryId = _categoryId;
- set @startRow = _pageIndex * _pageSize;
- set @pageSize = _pageSize;
- prepare PageSql from 'select sql_calc_found_rows * from product where categoryId = ? order by ProductId desc limit ?, ?';
- execute PageSql using @categoryId, @startRow, @pageSize;
- deallocate prepare PageSql;
- set _totalRecCount = found_rows();
- end
MySQL與SQL Server的差別實(shí)在太多,以上只是列出了本人認(rèn)為經(jīng)常在寫存儲(chǔ)過程中會(huì)遇到的一些具體的差別之處。
原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/archive/2011/04/05/2006107.html