SqlParameter的作用與用法
一般來說,在更新DataTable或是DataSet時,如果不采用SqlParameter,那么當(dāng)輸入的Sql語句出現(xiàn)歧義時,如字符串中含有單引號,程序就會發(fā)生錯誤,并且他人可以輕易地通過拼接Sql語句來進行注入攻擊。
- string sql = "update Table1 set name = 'Pudding' where ID = '1'";//未采用SqlParameter
- SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection();
- conn.ConnectionString = "Data Source=.\\SQLExpress;Integrated Security=true;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\\Database.mdf;User Instance=true";//連接字符串與數(shù)據(jù)庫有關(guān)
- SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
- try
- {
- conn.Open();
- return(cmd.ExecuteNonQuery());
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- return -1;
- throw;
- }
- finally
- {
- conn.Close();
- }
上述代碼未采用SqlParameter,除了存在安全性問題,該方法還無法解決二進制流的更新,如圖片文件。通過使用SqlParameter可以解決上述問題,常見的使用方法有兩種,Add方法和AddRange方法。
一、Add方法
- SqlParameter sp = new SqlParameter("@name", "Pudding");
- cmd.Parameters.Add(sp);
- sp = new SqlParameter("@ID", "1");
- cmd.Parameters.Add(sp);
該方法每次只能添加一個SqlParameter。上述代碼的功能是將ID值等于1的字段name更新為Pudding(人名)。
二、AddRange方法
- SqlParameter[] paras = new SqlParameter[] { new SqlParameter("@name", "Pudding"), new SqlParameter("@ID", "1") };
- cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paras);
顯然,Add方法在添加多個SqlParameter時不方便,此時,可以采用AddRange方法。
下面是通過SqlParameter向數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲及讀取圖片的代碼。
- view sourceprint?01 public int SavePhoto(string photourl)
- {
- FileStream fs = new FileStream(photourl, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);//創(chuàng)建FileStream對象,用于向BinaryReader寫入字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)流
- BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(fs);//創(chuàng)建BinaryReader對象,用于寫入下面的byte數(shù)組
- byte[] photo = br.ReadBytes((int)fs.Length); //新建byte數(shù)組,寫入br中的數(shù)據(jù)
- br.Close();//記得要關(guān)閉br
- fs.Close();//還有fs
- string sql = "update Table1 set photo = @photo where ID = '0'";
- SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection();
- conn.ConnectionString = "Data Source=.\\SQLExpress;Integrated Security=true;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\\Database.mdf;User Instance=true";
- SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
- SqlParameter sp = new SqlParameter("@photo", photo);
- cmd.Parameters.Add(sp);
- try
- {
- conn.Open();
- return (cmd.ExecuteNonQuery());
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- return -1;
- throw;
- }
- finally
- {
- conn.Close();
- }
- }
- public void ReadPhoto(string url)
- {
- string sql = "select photo from Table1 where ID = '0'";
- SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection();
- conn.ConnectionString = "Data Source=.\\SQLExpress;Integrated Security=true;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\\Database.mdf;User Instance=true";
- SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
- try
- {
- conn.Open();
- SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();//采用SqlDataReader的方法來讀取數(shù)據(jù)
- if (reader.Read())
- {
- byte[] photo = reader[0] as byte[];//將第0列的數(shù)據(jù)寫入byte數(shù)組
- FileStream fs = new FileStream(url,FileMode.CreateNew);創(chuàng)建FileStream對象,用于寫入字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)流
- fs.Write(photo,0,photo.Length);//將byte數(shù)組中的數(shù)據(jù)寫入fs
- fs.Close();//關(guān)閉fs
- }
- reader.Close();//關(guān)閉reader
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw;
- }
- finally
- {
- conn.Close();
- }
- }
- }
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