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Silverlight Socket通信學習筆記

作者：Mr|Right
開發(fā) 后端
之前說到和地圖結合，所以本文的后續(xù)工作將會把Silverlight的Socket通信與ArcGIS 的地圖結合，來實現(xiàn)一個小小的功能，而本篇則主要關于Socket的實現(xiàn)過程。下面就進入正題吧。

之前因為項目的關系，涉及到與服務器實時通信，比如通過GPRS將GPS的位置信息等信息發(fā)送到服務器，然后再轉發(fā)給Silverlight應用程序，最后在地圖上標示出實時的地理位置，查了查相關的資料，網(wǎng)上給出的比較好的方法就是利用Socket與服務器通信。于是這兩天看了看Silverlight下的Socket通信，在此將學習的心得和實現(xiàn)過程作一個記錄，以供相互學習和交流。

園子里關于這方面的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)有很多大神寫過了，這里小小的推薦一下：

http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/12/22/1359551.html

因此本文的重點知識說一下具體實現(xiàn)的過程，細節(jié)和原理性的東西不會太多，因為本人也是新手，所以就不賣弄了。之前說到和地圖結合，所以本文的后續(xù)工作將會把Silverlight的Socket通信與ArcGIS 的地圖結合，來實現(xiàn)一個小小的功能，而本篇則主要關于Socket的實現(xiàn)過程。下面就進入正題吧。

一.Silverlight的Socket通信和控制臺、WinForm下的Socket通信有很大的區(qū)別。

對于后兩者的Socket通信，其過程就是開啟端口，綁定端口，監(jiān)聽端口，連接，接收數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。

而在Silverlight中則不太一樣，在Silverlight中，首先是Silverlight客戶端自動向943端口的服務器端發(fā)送一個“<policy-file-request/>”的語句請求，然后服務器端向客戶端發(fā)送策略文件：

clientaccesspolicy.xml，例如：

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
  2. <access-policy> 
  3.   <cross-domain-access> 
  4.     <policy> 
  5.       <allow-from> 
  6.         <domain uri="*"/> 
  7.       </allow-from> 
  8.       <grant-to> 
  9.         <socket-resource port="4502-4534" protocol="tcp"/> 
  10.       </grant-to> 
  11.     </policy> 
  12.   </cross-domain-access> 
  13. </access-policy> 

發(fā)送之后，才允許和服務器進行Socket通信，之后的過程則都是一樣。

二、服務器端

2.1、Silverligh中發(fā)送策略文件服務

上面說到，Silverlight中，服務器端會向客戶端發(fā)送策略文件，然后才能開始Socket通信，下面給出服務器端的發(fā)送策略文件服務的代碼，該代碼是在網(wǎng)上找的，是別人已經(jīng)寫好的一個類，所以在編寫Silverlight 的Socket通信程序時，只要添加這個類就好了，代碼如下：

  1. using System;  
  2. using System.Net.Sockets;  
  3. using System.Net;  
  4. using System.Threading;  
  5. using System.IO;  
  6. using System.Windows.Forms;  
  7.  
  8. namespace WindowsServer  
  9. {  
  10.     class PolicySocketServer  
  11.     {  
  12.         TcpListener _Listener = null;  
  13.         TcpClient _Client = null;  
  14.         static ManualResetEvent _TcpClientConnected = new ManualResetEvent(false);  
  15.         const string _PolicyRequestString = "<policy-file-request/>";  
  16.         int _ReceivedLength = 0;  
  17.         byte[] _Policy = null;  
  18.         byte[] _ReceiveBuffer = null;  
  19.  
  20.         private void InitializeData()  
  21.         {  
  22.             string policyFile = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "clientaccesspolicy.xml");  
  23.             using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(policyFile, FileMode.Open))  
  24.             {  
  25.                 _Policy = new byte[fs.Length];  
  26.                 fs.Read(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length);  
  27.             }  
  28.             _ReceiveBuffer = new byte[_PolicyRequestString.Length];  
  29.         }  
  30.         public void StartSocketServer()  
  31.         {  
  32.             InitializeData();  
  33.  
  34.             try  
  35.             {  
  36.                 _Listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 943);  
  37.                 _Listener.Start();  
  38.                 while (true)  
  39.                 {  
  40.                     _TcpClientConnected.Reset();  
  41.                     _Listener.BeginAcceptTcpClient(new AsyncCallback(OnBeginAccept), null);  
  42.                     _TcpClientConnected.WaitOne();  
  43.                 }  
  44.             }  
  45.             catch (Exception)  
  46.             {  
  47.             }  
  48.         }  
  49.  
  50.         private void OnBeginAccept(IAsyncResult ar)  
  51.         {  
  52.             _Client = _Listener.EndAcceptTcpClient(ar);  
  53.             _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _PolicyRequestString.Length, SocketFlags.None,  
  54.                 new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);  
  55.         }  
  56.  
  57.         private void OnReceiveComplete(IAsyncResult ar)  
  58.         {  
  59.             try  
  60.             {  
  61.                 _ReceivedLength += _Client.Client.EndReceive(ar);  
  62.                 if (_ReceivedLength < _PolicyRequestString.Length)  
  63.                 {  
  64.                     _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, _ReceivedLength,  
  65.                         _PolicyRequestString.Length - _ReceivedLength,  
  66.                         SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);  
  67.                     return;  
  68.                 }  
  69.                 string request = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _ReceivedLength);  
  70.                 if (StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase.Compare(request, _PolicyRequestString) != 0)  
  71.                 {  
  72.                     _Client.Client.Close();  
  73.                     return;  
  74.                 }  
  75.                 _Client.Client.BeginSend(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length, SocketFlags.None,  
  76.                     new AsyncCallback(OnSendComplete), null);  
  77.             }  
  78.             catch (Exception)  
  79.             {  
  80.                 _Client.Client.Close();  
  81.             }  
  82.             _ReceivedLength = 0;  
  83.             _TcpClientConnected.Set(); //Allow waiting thread to proceed   
  84.         }  
  85.  
  86.         private void OnSendComplete(IAsyncResult ar)  
  87.         {  
  88.             try  
  89.             {  
  90.                 _Client.Client.EndSendFile(ar);  
  91.             }  
  92.             catch (Exception)  
  93.             {  
  94.             }  
  95.             finally  
  96.             {  
  97.                 _Client.Client.Close();  
  98.             }  
  99.         }   
  100.     }  
  101. } 

2.2、啟動策略文件服務，聲明Socket，監(jiān)聽端口，接收數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。

啟動策略文件服務

  1. #region Start The Policy Server 驗證策略文件  
  2.             PolicySocketServer StartPolicyServer = new PolicySocketServer();  
  3.             Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(StartPolicyServer.StartSocketServer));  
  4.             th.IsBackground = true;  
  5.             th.Start();  
  6.             #endregion 

聲明Socket，綁定端口，開始監(jiān)聽

  1. private void StartButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
  2.         {//創(chuàng)建Socket  
  3.             listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);  
  4.             //獲取主機信息  
  5.             IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());  
  6.  
  7.             //把IP和端口轉換化為IPEndPoint實例,端口號取4530  
  8.             //Win7 中開啟了IPV6的地址，因此0,1對應的是IPV6的地址，2，3對應IPV4地址，3對應本機的IP地址  
  9.             //XP中沒有開啟IPV6  
  10.             HostIPTextBox.Text = ipHostInfo.AddressList[3].ToString();  
  11.  
  12.             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))  
  13.             {  
  14.                 //獲取端口號  
  15.                 int port = Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());  
  16.                 //獲得本機的IP地址  
  17.                 localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], port);  
  18.             }  
  19.             else  
  20.             {  
  21.                //默認4530端口  
  22.                 ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");  
  23.                 localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], 4530);  
  24.             }  
  25.  
  26.             try  
  27.             {  
  28.                 //綁定指定的終結點  
  29.                 listener.Bind(localEP);  
  30.                 //開始監(jiān)聽  
  31.                 listener.Listen(10);  
  32.                 //一直循環(huán)接收客戶端的消息，開啟監(jiān)聽端口線程  
  33.                 ThreadStart threadwatchStart = new ThreadStart(WatchConnecting);  
  34.                 threadWatch = new Thread(threadwatchStart);  
  35.                 threadWatch.IsBackground = true;  
  36.                 threadWatch.Start();  
  37.             }  
  38.             catch (Exception ex)  
  39.             {  
  40.                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());  
  41.             }  
  42.         } 

連接端口，接收數(shù)據(jù)

  1. private void WatchConnecting()  
  2.         {  
  3.             ChangeStatue("等待Silverlight客戶端連接.....");  
  4.             while (true)  //持續(xù)不斷監(jiān)聽客戶端發(fā)來的請求    
  5.             {  
  6.                 listener.BeginAccept(AcceptCallBack, listener);  
  7.                 _flipFlop.WaitOne();  
  8.             }  
  9.         } 
  1. private  void AcceptCallBack(IAsyncResult asyresult)  
  2.         {  
  3.             Socket listener = (Socket)asyresult.AsyncState;  
  4.             Socket socket = listener.EndAccept(asyresult);  
  5.             ChangeStatue("連接到Silverlight客戶端....");  
  6.             _flipFlop.Set();  
  7.             var state = new StateObject();  
  8.             state.Socket = socket;  
  9.             socket.BeginReceive(state.Buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, ReciverCallBack, state);  
  10.         } 
  1. private void ReciverCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)  
  2.         {  
  3.             StateObject state = (StateObject)asyResult.AsyncState;  
  4.             Socket socket = state.Socket;  
  5.             int read = socket.EndReceive(asyResult);  
  6.             if (read > 0)  
  7.             {  
  8.                 string chunk = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(state.Buffer, 0, read);  
  9.                 state.StringBuilder.Append(chunk);  
  10.                 if (state.StringBuilder.Length > 0)  
  11.                 {  
  12.                     string result = state.StringBuilder.ToString();  
  13.                     ChangeStatue("成功接收到消息："+result);  
  14.                     ChangeReciveText(result);  
  15.                     Send(socket, SendTextBox.Text);  
  16.                     AddListItems("接收消息："+result+"\n");  
  17.                     AddListItems("發(fā)送消息：" + SendTextBox.Text + "\n");  
  18.                 }  
  19.             }  
  20.         } 

發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)

  1. private void Send(Socket handler, String data)  
  2.         {  
  3.             byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);  
  4.             handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(SendCallBack), handler);  
  5.         }  
  6.  
  7.         private void SendCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)  
  8.         {  
  9.             try  
  10.             {  
  11.                 Socket handler = (Socket)asyResult.AsyncState;  
  12.                 int byteSent = handler.EndSend(asyResult);  
  13.                 if (byteSent > 0)  
  14.                 {  
  15.                     ChangeStatue("發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)成功！");  
  16.                 }  
  17.             }  
  18.             catch (Exception ex)  
  19.             {  
  20.                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());  
  21.             }  
  22.         } 

StateObject類：

  1. public class StateObject  
  2.     {  
  3.         public Socket Socket;  
  4.         public StringBuilder StringBuilder = new StringBuilder();  
  5.         public const int BufferSize = 1024;  
  6.         public byte[] Buffer = new byte[BufferSize];  
  7.         public int TotalSize;  
  8.     } 

客戶端：

和服務器端類似，客戶端的操作包括：聲明Socket，指定服務器地址和端口，連接到指定的服務器端口，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，接收數(shù)據(jù)。

下面是具體的實現(xiàn)代碼：

聲明Socket

  1. private Socket socket; 

指定服務器地址和端口，開始連接

  1. private void SendButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)  
  2.         {  
  3.             if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(IPTextBox.Text)||string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))  
  4.             {  
  5.                 MessageBox.Show ("請輸入主機IP地址和端口號！");  
  6.                 return;  
  7.             }  
  8.             //ip地址  
  9.             string host=IPTextBox.Text.Trim();  
  10.             //端口號  
  11.             int port=Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());  
  12.             //建立終結點對象  
  13.             DnsEndPoint hostEntry=new DnsEndPoint(host,port);  
  14.             //創(chuàng)建一個Socket對象  
  15.             socket=new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);  
  16.             //創(chuàng)建Socket異步事件參數(shù)  
  17.             SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg=new SocketAsyncEventArgs ();  
  18.             //將消息轉化為發(fā)送的byte[]格式  
  19.             byte[]buffer=Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(MessageTextBox.Text);  
  20.             //注冊Socket完成事件  
  21.             socketEventArg.Completed+=new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(socketEventArg_Completed);  
  22.             //設置Socket異步事件遠程終結點  
  23.             socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint=hostEntry;  
  24.             //將定義好的Socket對象賦值給Socket異步事件參數(shù)的運行實例屬性  
  25.             socketEventArg.UserToken = buffer;  
  26.             try  
  27.             {  
  28.                 socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);  
  29.             }  
  30.             catch(SocketException ex)  
  31.             {  
  32.                 throw new SocketException((int)ex.ErrorCode);  
  33.             }  
  34.         } 

向服務器發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，并接受服務器回復的消息。

  1. private void socketEventArg_Completed(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)  
  2.         {  
  3.            //檢查是否發(fā)送出錯  
  4.             if (e.SocketError != SocketError.Success)  
  5.             {  
  6.                 if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionAborted)  
  7.                 {  
  8.                     Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("連接超時....請重試！"));  
  9.                 }  
  10.                 else if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionRefused)  
  11.                 {  
  12.                     Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("無法連接到服務器端："+e.SocketError));  
  13.                 }else  
  14.                 {  
  15.                     Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("出錯了！"+e.SocketError));  
  16.                 }  
  17.                 return;  
  18.             }  
  19.            //如果連接上，則發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)  
  20.             if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Connect)  
  21.             {  
  22.                     byte[] userbytes = (byte[])e.UserToken;  
  23.                     e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);  
  24.                     socket.SendAsync(e);  
  25.                       
  26.             }//如果已發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，則開始接收服務器回復的消息  
  27.             else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Send)  
  28.             {  
  29.                 Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => 
  30.                 {  
  31.                     listBox1.Items.Add("客戶端在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，發(fā)送消息：" + MessageTextBox.Text);  
  32.                 });  
  33.                 byte[] userbytes = new byte[1024];  
  34.                 e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);  
  35.                 socket.ReceiveAsync(e);  
  36.             }//接收服務器數(shù)據(jù)  
  37.             else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Receive)  
  38.             {  
  39.                 string RecevieStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, 0, e.Buffer.Length).Replace("\0", "");  
  40.                 Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => 
  41.                 {  
  42.                     listBox1.Items.Add("服務器在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，回復消息：" + RecevieStr);  
  43.                 });  
  44.                 socket.Close();  
  45.             }  
  46.         } 

xaml代碼：

  1. <UserControl 
  2.     xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
  3.     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
  4.     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
  5.     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
  6.     xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/client/2009" x:Class="SilverlightSocket.MainPage" 
  7.     mc:Ignorable="d" 
  8.     d:DesignHeight="417" d:DesignWidth="530"> 
  9.  
  10.     <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White"> 
  11.         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 
  12.             <ColumnDefinition Width="0.868*"/> 
  13.             <ColumnDefinition Width="0.135*"/> 
  14.         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 
  15.         <Grid.RowDefinitions> 
  16.             <RowDefinition/> 
  17.         </Grid.RowDefinitions> 
  18.         <esri:Map Background="White" WrapAround="True" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"> 
  19.             <esri:ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer Url="http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Street_Map/MapServer"/> 
  20.         </esri:Map> 
  21.         <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Background="#7F094870"> 
  22.             <StackPanel.Effect> 
  23.                 <DropShadowEffect/> 
  24.             </StackPanel.Effect> 
  25.             <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock1" Text="主機IP" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" /> 
  26.             <TextBox x:Name="IPTextBox" Text="169.254.57.67" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/> 
  27.             <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock2" Text="端口號" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" /> 
  28.             <TextBox x:Name="PortTextBox" Width="51" Text="4530" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/> 
  29.             <TextBlock  x:Name="textBlock4" Text="消息記錄：" Height="23" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" /> 
  30.             <ListBox  x:Name="listBox1" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Height="150" /> 
  31.             <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock3" Text="發(fā)送信息內(nèi)容" Height="16" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" /> 
  32.             <TextBox x:Name="MessageTextBox" Grid.Column="1" Height="50" Margin="5,5,0,0" /> 
  33.             <Button Content="發(fā)送" Height="23" x:Name="SendButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" /> 
  34.             <Button Content="清空" Height="23" x:Name="ClearButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" /> 
  35.         </StackPanel> 
  36.     </Grid> 
  37. </UserControl> 

最后效果示意圖：

服務器端：

Silverlight客戶端：

后續(xù)工作中將結合地圖來實現(xiàn)模擬實時位置的顯示功能。。。。

原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/potential/archive/2013/01/23/2873035.html

責任編輯：張偉 來源： 博客園
SilverlightRIASocket
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