Android開發(fā)速成簡潔教程十:數(shù)據(jù)綁定Data Binding
前面提到AndroidGraphics2DTutorial說過它是ListActivity派生出來的。ListActivity中顯示的是 ListView,ListView和Gallery ,Spinner有一個共同點(diǎn):它們都是AdapterView的子類。AdapterView的顯示可以通過數(shù)據(jù)綁定來實(shí)現(xiàn),數(shù)據(jù)源可以是數(shù)組或是數(shù)據(jù)庫記錄,數(shù)據(jù)源和AdapterView是通過Adapter作為橋梁。通過Adapter,AdatperView可以顯示數(shù)據(jù)源或處理用戶選取時間, 如:選擇列表中某項(xiàng)。
AndroidGraphics2DTutorial讀取AndroidManifest.xml中Intent-Filter為
<action android:name=”android.intent.action.MAIN” />
<category android:name=”com.pstreets.graphics2d.SAMPLE_CODE” />
的所有Activity,以列表方式顯示。使用了Android API 自帶的SimpleAdapter。 來看看AndroidGraphics2DTutorial.java 中相關(guān)代碼:
- public class AndroidGraphics2DTutorial extends ListActivity {
- private static final String SAMPLE_CATEGORY
- ="com.pstreets.graphics2d.SAMPLE_CODE";
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setListAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(),
- android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, new String[] { "title" },
- new int[] { android.R.id.text1 }));
- getListView().setTextFilterEnabled(true);
- }
- protected List getData() {
- List<Map> myData = new ArrayList<Map>();
- Intent mainIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);
- mainIntent.addCategory(SAMPLE_CATEGORY);
- PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
- List<ResolveInfo> list = pm.queryIntentActivities(mainIntent, 0);
- if (null == list)
- return myData;
- String[] prefixPath;
- prefixPath = null;
- int len = list.size();
- Map<String, Boolean> entries = new HashMap<String, Boolean>();
- for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
- ResolveInfo info = list.get(i);
- CharSequence labelSeq = info.loadLabel(pm);
- String label = labelSeq != null ? labelSeq.toString()
- : info.activityInfo.name;
- String[] labellabelPath = label.split("/");
- String nextLabel = prefixPath == null ? labelPath[0]
- : labelPath[prefixPath.length];
- if ((prefixPath != null ? prefixPath.length : 0)
- == labelPath.length - 1) {
- addItem(myData,
- nextLabel,
- activityIntent(
- info.activityInfo.applicationInfo.packageName,
- info.activityInfo.name));
- } else {
- if (entries.get(nextLabel) == null) {
- addItem(myData, nextLabel, browseIntent(nextLabel));
- entries.put(nextLabel, true);
- }
- }
- }
- Collections.sort(myData, sDisplayNameComparator);
- return myData;
- }
- private final static Comparator<Map> sDisplayNameComparator
- = new Comparator<Map>() {
- private final Collator collator = Collator.getInstance();
- public int compare(Map map1, Map map2) {
- return collator.compare(map1.get("title"), map2.get("title"));
- }
- };
- protected Intent activityIntent(String pkg, String componentName) {
- Intent result = new Intent();
- result.setClassName(pkg, componentName);
- return result;
- }
- protected Intent browseIntent(String path) {
- Intent result = new Intent();
- result.setClass(this, AndroidGraphics2DTutorial.class);
- return result;
- }
- protected void addItem(List<Map> data, String name, Intent intent) {
- Map<String, Object> temp = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- temp.put("title", name);
- temp.put("intent", intent);
- data.add(temp);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v,
- int position, long id) {
- Map map = (Map) l.getItemAtPosition(position);
- Intent intent = (Intent) map.get("intent");
- startActivity(intent);
- }
- }
使用數(shù)據(jù)顯示Layout,上面代碼中
setListAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(),
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, new String[] { “title” },
new int[] { android.R.id.text1 }));
為ListActivity中ListView 指定Adapter,這個Adapter的數(shù)據(jù)源為getData(),getData()從Manifest.xml中查找出所有符合條件的示例 Activity列表。 這里DataSource是靜態(tài)的從文件中讀取,如果DataSource為數(shù)組或是其它數(shù)據(jù)源,如果程序中修改數(shù)值的內(nèi)容,則你應(yīng)該 notifyDataSetChanged()來通知UI數(shù)據(jù)有變動。UI則會刷新顯示以反映數(shù)據(jù)變化。簡單的說Android數(shù)據(jù)綁定和.Net WinForm ,WPF 中數(shù)據(jù)綁定類似。
處理用戶選取事件,AdapterView.OnItemClickListener()可以用來處理選取事 件,對于ListActivity,可以用protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id)。AndroidGraphics2DTutorial中的實(shí)現(xiàn)是用戶選取Activity名稱好,則啟動對應(yīng)的Activity。
上面代碼中使用SimpleAdapter,并使用Android提供的android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1 來顯示數(shù)據(jù),Andrid也允許使用自定義的Layout來顯示數(shù)據(jù),對這個例子來說,可以使用圖片加說明來顯示列表,將在后面介紹如果使用自定義 Adapter和自定義Layout來顯示綁定的數(shù)據(jù)。