一篇搞懂MySQL 8.0 Clone技術(shù)在線搭建主從復(fù)制全過程
作者：佚名
MySQL從8.0.17開始新增了克隆Clone技術(shù)，可以在線進(jìn)行MySQL的本地克隆或遠(yuǎn)程克隆，從此搭建從庫可以不再需要備份工具來實現(xiàn)了，本文分享Clone技術(shù)在線搭建主從復(fù)制全過程，希望對大家有幫助。
本文將通過Clone來實現(xiàn)一個遠(yuǎn)程從庫的搭建：環(huán)境如下
Mater: 192.168.3.133 port:3307 doner 捐贈者
Slave: 192.168.3.134 port:3307 recipient 接受者
第一步：兩臺機(jī)器MySQL分別進(jìn)行初始化安裝
進(jìn)入MySQL軟件目錄進(jìn)行初始化安裝并修改密碼：（MySQL8.0.19 下載解壓步驟省略）
- [root@mgr2 bin]#cd /zcloud/db/abcMgr/abcMgr02/mysql/bin
- [root@mgr2 bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
- [root@mgr2 bin]# ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
- [1] 19556
- [root@mgr2 bin]# 2020-03-12T01:32:26.503048Z mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/rock/mysqldata/error.log’.
- 2020-03-12T01:32:26.536292Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /rock/mysqldata
- [root@mgr2 bin]#
- [root@mgr2 bin]# mysql -uroot -p -P3307
- Enter password:
- Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MySQL connection id is 8
- Server version: 8.0.19
- Copyright © 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
- affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
- owners.
- Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
- root@localhost:(none) 09:33:06 >alter user user() identified by ‘root1234’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 09:33:26 >flush privileges;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 09:33:31 >exit
- Bye
第二步：doner節(jié)點192.168.3.133相關(guān)操作
–創(chuàng)建用戶
- root@localhost:(none) 10:07:05 >create user ‘donor_user’@‘192.168.3.134’ identified by ‘password’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 10:07:07 >grant backup_admin on . to ‘donor_user’@‘192.168.3.134’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
–安裝clone插件
- root@localhost:(none) 10:23:16 >install plugin clone soname ‘mysql_clone.so’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
第三步：recipient節(jié)點192.168.3.134相關(guān)操作
–創(chuàng)建用戶（也可以不創(chuàng)建用戶，用root直接操作）
- mysql> create user ‘recipient_user’@‘192.168.3.134’ identified by ‘password’;
–安裝clone插件
- mysql> grant clone_admin on . to ‘recipient_user’@‘192.168.3.134’;
–設(shè)置參數(shù)clone_valid_donor_list
- root@localhost:(none) 03:28:40 >set global clone_valid_donor_list=‘192.168.3.133:3307’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
–換成recipient_user’@‘192.168.3.134’ 用戶登陸，執(zhí)行clone語句(這里其實可以用本地root用戶直接進(jìn)行登錄操作)
- [root@mgr3 bin]# mysql -urecipient_user -ppassword -P3307 -h192.168.3.134
- recipient_user@192.168.3.134:(none) 03:39:46 >clone instance from ‘donor_user’@‘192.168.3.133’:3307 identified by ‘password’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.34 sec)
- recipient_user@192.168.3.134:(none) 03:39:57 >Restarting mysqld…
- 2020-03-12T07:40:01.285267Z mysqld_safe Number of processes running now: 0
- 2020-03-12T07:40:01.290169Z mysqld_safe mysqld restarted
至此，遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)的克隆已經(jīng)完成了。
通過查詢兩張表來監(jiān)控一下克隆的進(jìn)度和結(jié)果狀態(tài)：
–查看clone進(jìn)度和狀態(tài)
- root@localhost:(none) 03:34:49 >SELECT * FROM performance_schema.clone_progress;
- ±-----±----------±----------±---------------------------±---------------------------±--------±----------±----------±----------±-----------±--------------+
- | ID | STAGE | STATE | BEGIN_TIME | END_TIME | THREADS | ESTIMATE | DATA | NETWORK | DATA_SPEED | NETWORK_SPEED |
- ±-----±----------±----------±---------------------------±---------------------------±--------±----------±----------±----------±-----------±--------------+
- | 1 | DROP DATA | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:15.385694 | 2020-03-12 15:29:15.634609 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | FILE COPY | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:15.634765 | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.452961 | 1 | 465800520 | 465800520 | 465833356 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | PAGE COPY | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.453144 | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.554224 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 99 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | REDO COPY | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.554413 | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.654430 | 1 | 2560 | 2560 | 3031 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | FILE SYNC | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.654596 | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.730172 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | RESTART | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:17.730172 | 2020-03-12 15:29:22.160372 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
- | 1 | RECOVERY | Completed | 2020-03-12 15:29:22.160372 | 2020-03-12 15:29:22.478889 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
- ±-----±----------±----------±---------------------------±---------------------------±--------±----------±----------±----------±-----------±--------------+
- 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 03:34:52 >SELECT * FROM performance_schema.clone_status\G
- *************************** 1. row ***************************
- ID: 1
- PID: 0
- STATE: Completed
- BEGIN_TIME: 2020-03-12 15:29:15.385
- END_TIME: 2020-03-12 15:29:22.479
- SOURCE: 192.168.3.133:3307
- DESTINATION: LOCAL INSTANCE
- ERROR_NO: 0
- ERROR_MESSAGE:
- BINLOG_FILE: mysql-bin.000002
- BINLOG_POSITION: 421
- GTID_EXECUTED: 3e75bf2f-6401-11ea-8995-000c29db65a6:1
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
–在主庫133上建立復(fù)制賬號：
- root@localhost:(none) 04:12:23 >create user repl@‘192.168.3.%’ identified by ‘repl’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 04:13:03 >grant all on . to repl@‘192.168.3.%’;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
–在從庫134上進(jìn)行復(fù)制步驟的完成：
- root@localhost:(none) 04:16:09 >change master to master_host=‘192.168.3.133’,master_port=3307,master_user=‘repl’,master_password=‘repl’,master_auto_position=1;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 04:17:32 >start slave;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- root@localhost:(none) 04:17:35 >show slave status\G
- *************************** 1. row ***************************
- Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
- Master_Host: 192.168.3.133
- Master_User: repl
- Master_Port: 3307
- Connect_Retry: 60
- Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
- Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1193
- Relay_Log_File: mgr3-relay-bin.000002
- Relay_Log_Pos: 904
- Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
- Slave_IO_Running: Yes
- Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
- Replicate_Do_DB:
- Replicate_Ignore_DB:
- Replicate_Do_Table:
- Replicate_Ignore_Table:
- Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
- Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
- Last_Errno: 0
- Last_Error:
- Skip_Counter: 0
- Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1193
- Relay_Log_Space: 1103
- Until_Condition: None
- Until_Log_File:
- Until_Log_Pos: 0
- Master_SSL_Allowed: No
- Master_SSL_CA_File:
- Master_SSL_CA_Path:
- Master_SSL_Cert:
- Master_SSL_Cipher:
- Master_SSL_Key:
- Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
- Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
- Last_IO_Errno: 0
- Last_IO_Error:
- Last_SQL_Errno: 0
- Last_SQL_Error:
- Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
- Master_Server_Id: 207
- Master_UUID: 3e75bf2f-6401-11ea-8995-000c29db65a6
- Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
- SQL_Delay: 0
- SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
- Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
- Master_Retry_Count: 86400
- Master_Bind:
- Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
- Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
- Master_SSL_Crl:
- Master_SSL_Crlpath:
- Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 3e75bf2f-6401-11ea-8995-000c29db65a6:3-4
- Executed_Gtid_Set: 3e75bf2f-6401-11ea-8995-000c29db65a6:1-4
- Auto_Position: 1
- Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
- Channel_Name:
- Master_TLS_Version:
- Master_public_key_path:
- Get_master_public_key: 0
- Network_Namespace:
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
至此遠(yuǎn)程從庫通過clone插件的方式搭建成功了，非常簡單也非?？焖伲恍枰猰ysqldump也不需要xtrabackup，在線搭建成功，非?？?，以后用8.0可以考慮這種便捷的方式了。
最后將clone技術(shù)的 限制條件 列出：
- 版本大于等于8.0.17且不支持跨版本
- 兩臺機(jī)器具有相同的操作系統(tǒng)OS
- 兩臺MySQL實例具體相同的 innodb_page_size 和 innodb_data_file_path(ibdata文件名)
- 同一時刻僅僅允許有一個克隆任務(wù)存在
- recipient 需要設(shè)置變量clone_valid_donor_list
- max_allowed_packet 大于2M
- doner的undo表空間文件名稱不能重復(fù)
- 不會克隆my.cnf文件
- 不會克隆binlog
- 僅僅支持innodb引擎
責(zé)任編輯：龐桂玉
來源：
數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)
