22+ 高頻實用的 JavaScript 片段 (2020年)
廢話不多話,在本文中,列出了一些比較常用或者實用的的 JavaScript 代碼片段,希望對你們有所幫助。
1.三元運算符
- let someThingTrue = true
- if(someThingTrue){
- handleTrue()
- }else{
- handleFalse()
- }
- ****** 以下是簡短版本 ******
- let someThingTrue = true
- someThingTrue ? handleTrue() : handleFalse()
2.短路或運算
- const defaultValue = "SomeDefaultValue"
- let someValueNotSureOfItsExistance = null
- let expectingSomeValue = someValueNotSureOfItsExistance || defaultValue
- console.log(expectingSomeValue) // SomeDefaultValue
3. 條件成立
- let someValue = true
- if (someValue) {
- console.log('條件成立!')
- }
4. for 循環(huán)
- for (let i = 0; i < 1e2; i++) { // 代替 i<100 是不是有點酷
- }
- let someValues = [1, 2, 4]
- for (let val in someValues) {
- console.log(val)
- }
- let obj = {
- 'key1': 'value1',
- 'key2': 'value2',
- 'key3': 'value3'
- }
- for (let key in obj) {
- console.log(key)
- }
5. 值到對象的映射
- let x='x',y='y'
- let obj = {x,y}
- console.log(obj) // {x: "x", y: "y"}
6. Object.entries()
- const credits = {
- producer: '大遷世界',
- name: '前端小智',
- rating: 9
- }
- const arr = Object.entries(credits)
- console.log(arr)
- *** 輸出 ***
- [ [ 'producer', '大遷世界' ], [ 'name', '前端小智' ], [ 'rating', 9 ] ]
7. Object.values()
- const credits = {
- producer: '大遷世界',
- name: '前端小智',
- rating: 9
- }
- const arr = Object.values(credits)
- console.log(arr)
- *** 輸出 ***
- [ '大遷世界', '前端小智', 9 ]
8. 模板字面量
- let name = '前端小智'
- let age = 20
- var someStringConcatenateSomeVariable = `我是 ${name},今年 ${age} 歲`
- console.log(someStringConcatenateSomeVariable)
9. 解構賦值
- import { observable, action, runInAction } from 'mobx';
10.多行字符串
- let multiLineString = `some string\n
- with multi-line of\n
- characters\n`
- console.log(multiLineString)
11.Array.find 簡寫
- const pets = [{
- type: 'Dog',
- name: 'Max'
- },
- {
- type: 'Cat',
- name: 'Karl'
- },
- {
- type: 'Dog',
- name: 'Tommy'
- }
- ]
- pet = pets.find(pet => pet.type === 'Dog' && pet.name === 'Tommy')
- console.log(pet) // { type: 'Dog', name: 'Tommy' }
12.默認參數(shù)值
早期的做法
- function area(h, w) {
- if (!h) {
- h = 1;
- }
- if (!w) {
- w = 1;
- }
- return h * w
- }
ES6 以后的做法
- function area(h = 1, w = 1) {
- return h * w
- }
13.箭頭函數(shù)的簡寫
- let sayHello = (name) => {
- return `你好,${name}`
- }
- console.log(sayHello('前端小智'))
簡寫如下:
- let sayHello = name => `你好,${name}`
- console.log(sayHello('前端小智'))
14.隱式返回
- let someFuncThatReturnSomeValue = (value) => {
- return value + value
- }
- console.log(
- someFuncThatReturnSomeValue('前端小智'))
簡寫如下:
- let someFuncThatReturnSomeValue = (value) => (
- value + value
- )
- console.log(someFuncThatReturnSomeValue('前端小智'))
15.函數(shù)必須有參數(shù)值
- function mustHavePatamMethod(param) {
- if (param === undefined) {
- throw new Error('Hey You must Put some param!');
- }
- return param;
- }
以像這樣重寫:
- mustHaveCheck = () => {
- throw new Error('Missing parameter!')
- }
- methodShoudHaveParam = (param = mustHaveCheck()) => {
- return param
- }
16.charAt() 簡寫
- 'SampleString'.charAt(0) // S
- // 簡寫
- 'SampleString'[0]
17.有條件的函數(shù)調(diào)用
- function fn1() {
- console.log('I am Function 1')
- }
- function fn2() {
- console.log('I am Function 2')
- }
- /*
- 長的寫法
- */
- let checkValue = 3;
- if (checkValue === 3) {
- fn1()
- } else {
- fn2()
- }
簡短的寫法:
- (checkValue === 3 ? fn1 : fn2)()
17.Math.Floor 簡寫
- let val = '123.95'
- console.log(Math.floor(val)) // 常規(guī)寫法
- console.log(~~val) // 簡寫
18.Math.pow 簡寫
- Math.pow(2, 3) // 8
- // 簡寫
- 2 ** 3 // 8
19.將字符串轉換為數(shù)字
- const num1 = parseInt('100')
- // 簡寫
- console.log(+"100")
- console.log(+"100.2")
20.&& 運算
- let value = 1;
- if (value === 1)
- console.log('Value is one')
- //OR In short
- value && console.log('Value is one')
21.toString 簡寫
- let someNumber = 123
- console.log(someNumber.toString()) // "123"
- // 簡寫
- console.log(`${someNumber}`) // "123"
22.可選的鏈運算符(即將發(fā)布)
現(xiàn)在有一個關于ECMAScript的新提議,值得了解。
- let someUser = {
- name: 'Jack'
- }
- let zip = someUser?.address?.zip //可選鏈接,像 Swift
如果 zip是undefined ,則不會引發(fā)錯誤。
該語法還支持函數(shù)和構造函數(shù)調(diào)用
- let address = getAddressByZip.?(12345)
如果getAddressByZip是調(diào)用它的函數(shù),否則,表達式將以undefined的形式計算。
23. 使用對象的方式來替換 switch 語法
- let fruit = 'banana';
- let drink;
- switch (fruit) {
- case 'banana':
- drink = 'banana juice';
- break;
- case 'papaya':
- drink = 'papaya juice';
- break;
- default:
- drink = 'Unknown juice!'
- }
- console.log(drink) // banana juice
作者:xor 譯者:前端小智 來源:medium
原文:https://medium.com/javascript-in-plain-english/some-js-shortcuts-82bc2f56146e
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