6個(gè)你可能不熟悉的Linux實(shí)用命令
作者:CDA數(shù)據(jù)分析師
Linux是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的操作系統(tǒng),這篇文章收集了6個(gè)你可能沒有用過的Linux命令,但卻相當(dāng)?shù)挠杏?,供大家參考?/div>
Linux是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的操作系統(tǒng),這篇文章收集了6個(gè)你可能沒有用過的Linux命令,但卻相當(dāng)?shù)挠杏茫┐蠹覅⒖肌?/p>
1. bc
這個(gè)Linux命令用于精度比較高的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算。如:開平方根等。下面利用bc命令寫個(gè)腳本(文件名:sqrt)
- #!/bin/bash
- if [ $
- then
- echo 'Usage: sqrt number'
- exit 1
- else
- echo -e "sqrt($1)\nquit\n" | bc -q -i
- fi
接著,可使用這個(gè)腳本進(jìn)行平方根運(yùn)算:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 36
- 6
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 2.0000
- 1.4142
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 10.0000
- 3.1622
2. split
如果你的文件很大,卻接到命令要把它分割成小文件,那么這個(gè)命令就派上用場了。
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 applebak]# ls -l largefile.tar.gz
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 436774774 04-17 02:00 largefile.tar.gz
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 applebak]# split -b 50m largefile.tar.gz LF_
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]# ls -l LF_*
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_aa
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ab
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ac
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ad
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ae
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_af
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_ag
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_ah
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 17344374 05-10 18:35 LF_ai
反而來,合并也只需要簡單的合并就行,如:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]# cat LF_* >largefile.tar.gz
3. pgrep
pgrep名字前有個(gè)p,可以猜想它可能和grep有關(guān),確實(shí)這是進(jìn)程相關(guān)的grep命令。不過,這個(gè)命令主要是用來列舉進(jìn)程ID的。如:
- $ pgrep -u hchen
- 22441
- 22444
這個(gè)命令相當(dāng)于:
- ps -ef | egrep '^hchen' | awk '{print $2}'
4. nl
nl命令其它和cat命令很像,只不過它會(huì)打上行號。如下所示:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 include]# nl stdio.h | head -n 10
- 1 /* Define ISO C stdio on top of C++ iostreams.
- 2 Copyright (C) 1991,1994-2004,2005,2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
- 4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- 5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- 6 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- 7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- 8 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
5. ldd
這個(gè)命令,用來可執(zhí)行文件所使用了動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫。如:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/java
- linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00cd9000)
- libgij.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgij.so.7rh (0x00ed3000)
- libgcj.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgcj.so.7rh (0x00ed6000)
- libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libpthread.so.0 (0x00110000)
- librt.so.1 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/librt.so.1 (0x009c8000)
- libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x008b5000)
- libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00bee000)
- libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00aa7000)
- libc.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc.so.6 (0x0022f000)
- libm.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libm.so.6 (0x00127000)
- /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00214000)
6. col
這個(gè)命令,能將man文件轉(zhuǎn)成純文本文件。如下示例:
- # PAGER=cat
- # man less | col -b > less.txt
責(zé)任編輯:趙寧寧
來源:
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