鴻蒙HarmonyOS之AbilitySlice間導(dǎo)航
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Page模板(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“Page”)是FA唯一支持的模板,用于提供與用戶交互的能力。一個(gè)Page可以由一個(gè)或多個(gè)AbilitySlice構(gòu)成,AbilitySlice是指應(yīng)用的單個(gè)頁面及其控制邏輯的總和。
當(dāng)一個(gè)Page由多個(gè)AbilitySlice共同構(gòu)成時(shí),這些AbilitySlice頁面提供的業(yè)務(wù)能力應(yīng)具有高度相關(guān)性。例如,新聞瀏覽功能可以通過一個(gè)Page來實(shí)現(xiàn),其中包含了兩個(gè)AbilitySlice:一個(gè)AbilitySlice用于展示新聞列表,另一個(gè)AbilitySlice用于展示新聞詳情。
本節(jié)主要演示,在一個(gè)Page包含多個(gè)AbilitySlice時(shí),這些AbilitySlice之間是如何路由和導(dǎo)航的。
創(chuàng)建應(yīng)用
采用Car設(shè)備類型,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)AbilitySliceNavigation應(yīng)用。該應(yīng)用主要用于測(cè)試AbilitySlice之間的路由和導(dǎo)航。
創(chuàng)建多個(gè)AbilitySlice
在初始化應(yīng)用時(shí),AbilitySliceNavigation應(yīng)用已經(jīng)包含了一個(gè)主AbilitySlice,即為
- public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
- }
- @Override
- public void onActive() {
- super.onActive();
- }
- @Override
- public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
- super.onForeground(intent);
- }
- }
因此,還需要再新增一個(gè)AbilitySlice。我們復(fù)制MainAbilitySlice的代碼,創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)PayAbilitySlice。目前,MainAbilitySlice和PayAbilitySlice的代碼是完全相同的。
新增PayAbilitySlice樣式布局
為了體現(xiàn)MainAbilitySlice和PayAbilitySlice的不同,我們需要在“面子”上“整容”一下。我們?cè)趌ayout目錄下,新建了一個(gè)ability_pay.xml,如下圖所示

ability_pay.xml內(nèi)容如下:
- xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
- ohos:height="match_parent"
- ohos:width="match_parent"
- ohos:orientation="vertical">
- ohos:id="$+id:text_pay"
- ohos:height="match_parent"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
- ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
- ohos:text="Pay me the money"
- ohos:text_size="50"
- />
- ability_pay.xml基本上是從ability_main.xml上復(fù)制過去的。主要的差異點(diǎn)是:
- l id設(shè)置為了$+id:text_pay
- l text設(shè)置為了Pay me the money
設(shè)置PayAbilitySlice樣式布局
設(shè)置了ability_pay.xml之后,如來來使用這個(gè)樣式布局呢?參考如下代碼,在通過super.setUIContent()來指定新增的樣式布局即可:
- public class PayAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- // 指定UI
- super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_pay);
- }
- @Override
- public void onActive() {
- super.onActive();
- }
- @Override
- public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
- super.onForeground(intent);
- }
- }
如何實(shí)現(xiàn)AbilitySlice之間的路由和導(dǎo)航
設(shè)置路由
在MainAbility中,通過addActionRoute方法來添加到PayAbilitySlice的路由。
- public class MainAbility extends Ability {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- // 指定默認(rèn)顯示的AbilitySlice
- super.setMainRoute(MainAbilitySlice.class.getName());
- // 使用addActionRounte方法添加路由。
- addActionRoute("action.pay", PayAbilitySlice.class.getName());
- }
- }
在config.json的actions數(shù)組中沒添加"action.pay",配置如下:
- "abilities": [
- {
- "skills": [
- {
- "entities": [
- "entity.system.home"
- ],
- "actions": [
- "action.system.home",
- "action.pay"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "orientation": "landscape",
- "name": "com.waylau.hmos.abilityslicenavigation.MainAbility",
- "icon": "$media:icon",
- "description": "$string:mainability_description",
- "label": "AbilitySliceNavigation",
- "type": "page",
- "launchType": "standard"
- }
- ]
設(shè)置點(diǎn)擊事件觸發(fā)導(dǎo)航
在MainAbilitySlice中,為文本設(shè)置了點(diǎn)擊事件,已觸發(fā)導(dǎo)航到PayAbilitySlice,代碼如下:
- package com.waylau.hmos.abilityslicenavigation.slice;
- import com.waylau.hmos.abilityslicenavigation.ResourceTable;
- import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
- import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
- import ohos.agp.colors.RgbColor;
- import ohos.agp.components.Button;
- import ohos.agp.components.DirectionalLayout;
- import ohos.agp.components.Text;
- import ohos.agp.components.element.ShapeElement;
- public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- // 指定UI
- super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
- // 添加點(diǎn)擊事件來觸發(fā)導(dǎo)航
- Text text = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_helloworld);
- text.setClickedListener(listener ->
- present(new PayAbilitySlice(), new Intent()));
- }
- @Override
- public void onActive() {
- super.onActive();
- }
- @Override
- public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
- super.onForeground(intent);
- }
- }
同理,在PayAbilitySlice中,為文本設(shè)置了點(diǎn)擊事件,已觸發(fā)導(dǎo)航到MainAbilitySlice,代碼如下:
- package com.waylau.hmos.abilityslicenavigation.slice;
- import com.waylau.hmos.abilityslicenavigation.ResourceTable;
- import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
- import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
- import ohos.agp.colors.RgbColor;
- import ohos.agp.components.Button;
- import ohos.agp.components.DirectionalLayout;
- import ohos.agp.components.Text;
- import ohos.agp.components.element.ShapeElement;
- public class PayAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- // 指定UI
- super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_pay);
- // 添加點(diǎn)擊事件來觸發(fā)導(dǎo)航
- Text text = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_pay);
- text.setClickedListener(listener ->
- present(new MainAbilitySlice(), new Intent()));
- }
- @Override
- public void onActive() {
- super.onActive();
- }
- @Override
- public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
- super.onForeground(intent);
- }
- }
運(yùn)行
運(yùn)行應(yīng)用,點(diǎn)擊文本"Hello World"后,可以切換到“Pay me the money”,再點(diǎn)擊文本“Pay me the money”,可以切換到“Hello World”。至此實(shí)現(xiàn)了多個(gè)AbilitySlice之間的路由和導(dǎo)航。
源碼
源碼見 https://github.com/waylau/harmonyos-tutorial
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51CTO和華為官方合作共建的鴻蒙技術(shù)社區(qū)
https://harmonyos.51cto.com/#zz