在Linux 中如何使用 Sipcalc 來(lái)計(jì)算 IP 子網(wǎng)
Sipcalc 是一個(gè)命令行 ip 子網(wǎng)計(jì)算器,支持 IPv4 和 IPv6,它會(huì)顯示你填寫 DHCP 信息或設(shè)置靜態(tài) IP 地址所需的所有 IP 相關(guān)信息。Sipcalc 的開(kāi)發(fā)始于 2001 年,它具有我們想要的 ip 計(jì)算器的大部分功能。
安 裝
在Centos8中安裝sipcalc之前,需要先安裝epel源。:
- [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
- [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install sipcalc
sipcalc 使用方式
下面使用 sipcalc 列出一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 24 位的 C 類網(wǎng)絡(luò)示例:
- [root@localhost ~]# sipcalc 192.168.10.0/24
- -[ipv4 : 192.168.10.0/24] - 0
- [CIDR]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network mask - 255.255.255.0
- Network mask (bits) - 24
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFF00
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.255
- Cisco wildcard - 0.0.0.255
- Addresses in network - 256
- Network range - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.255
- Usable range - 192.168.10.1 - 192.168.10.254
可以看到列出了192.168.10.0/24網(wǎng)段中廣播地址、反掩碼、網(wǎng)絡(luò)范圍和可用的IP地址范圍。
下面添加-a查看一下:
- [root@localhost ~]# sipcalc -a 192.168.10.0/24
- -[ipv4 : 192.168.10.0/24] - 0
- [Classful]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network class - C
- Network mask - 255.255.255.0
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFF00
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.255
- [CIDR]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network mask - 255.255.255.0
- Network mask (bits) - 24
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFF00
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.255
- Cisco wildcard - 0.0.0.255
- Addresses in network - 256
- Network range - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.255
- Usable range - 192.168.10.1 - 192.168.10.254
- [Classful bitmaps]
- Network address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network mask - 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
- [CIDR bitmaps]
- Host address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network mask - 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
- Broadcast address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.11111111
- Cisco wildcard - 00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111
- Network range - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000 -
- 11000000.10101000.00001010.11111111
- Usable range - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000001 -
- 11000000.10101000.00001010.11111110
- [Networks]
- Network - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.255 (current)
可以看到可以看到192.168.10.0網(wǎng)段的有類路由和無(wú)類路由的二進(jìn)制形式。
下面使用一個(gè)27為掩碼的網(wǎng)段:
- [root@localhost ~]# sipcalc 192.168.10.0/27
- -[ipv4 : 192.168.10.0/27] - 0
- [CIDR]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network mask - 255.255.255.224
- Network mask (bits) - 27
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFFE0
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.31
- Cisco wildcard - 0.0.0.31
- Addresses in network - 32
- Network range - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.31
- Usable range - 192.168.10.1 - 192.168.10.30
可以看到可用地址為192.168.10.1-192.168.10.30
添加-a選項(xiàng),可以看到可用的網(wǎng)段有哪些:
- [root@localhost ~]# sipcalc 192.168.10.0/27 -a
- -[ipv4 : 192.168.10.0/27] - 0
- [Classful]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network class - C
- Network mask - 255.255.255.0
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFF00
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.255
- [CIDR]
- Host address - 192.168.10.0
- Host address (decimal) - 3232238080
- Host address (hex) - C0A80A00
- Network address - 192.168.10.0
- Network mask - 255.255.255.224
- Network mask (bits) - 27
- Network mask (hex) - FFFFFFE0
- Broadcast address - 192.168.10.31
- Cisco wildcard - 0.0.0.31
- Addresses in network - 32
- Network range - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.31
- Usable range - 192.168.10.1 - 192.168.10.30
- [Classful bitmaps]
- Network address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network mask - 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
- [CIDR bitmaps]
- Host address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000
- Network mask - 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
- Broadcast address - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00011111
- Cisco wildcard - 00000000.00000000.00000000.00011111
- Network range - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000000 -
- 11000000.10101000.00001010.00011111
- Usable range - 11000000.10101000.00001010.00000001 -
- 11000000.10101000.00001010.00011110
- [Networks]
- Network - 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.31 (current)
- Network - 192.168.10.32 - 192.168.10.63
- Network - 192.168.10.64 - 192.168.10.95
- Network - 192.168.10.96 - 192.168.10.127
- Network - 192.168.10.128 - 192.168.10.159
- Network - 192.168.10.160 - 192.168.10.191
- Network - 192.168.10.192 - 192.168.10.223
- Network - 192.168.10.224 - 192.168.10.255