解密Python監(jiān)控進(jìn)程的黑科技：CPU、內(nèi)存、IO使用率一目了然！
在計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)管理和應(yīng)用性能優(yōu)化中，監(jiān)控進(jìn)程的CPU、內(nèi)存和IO使用率是非常重要的任務(wù)。Python作為一種功能強(qiáng)大的編程語言，可以輕松地實(shí)現(xiàn)這些監(jiān)控任務(wù)。勇哥將介紹如何使用Python寫一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單使用的監(jiān)控進(jìn)程的CPU、內(nèi)存和IO使用率的工具。
準(zhǔn)備工作
啥也不說，先裝庫：psutil是一個(gè)跨平臺(tái)用于獲取系統(tǒng)信息（包括進(jìn)程信息）的流行庫；安裝命令：
pip install psutil監(jiān)控CPU使用率
使用psutil庫可以輕松地監(jiān)控進(jìn)程的CPU使用率。以下是一個(gè)示例代碼，演示了如何監(jiān)控一個(gè)指定進(jìn)程的CPU使用率：
import psutil
import os
import time
def monitor_cpu(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
cpu_percent = process.cpu_percent(interval=1)
print(f"CPU 使用率: {cpu_percent}%")
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_process_id = os.getpid() # 替換為你要監(jiān)控的進(jìn)程ID
monitoring_duration = 60 # 監(jiān)控持續(xù)時(shí)間（秒）
monitor_cpu(target_process_id, monitoring_duration)通過cpu_percent() 獲取進(jìn)程的CPU使用率，然后調(diào)整interval參數(shù)，控制采樣時(shí)間間隔，再加個(gè)循環(huán)，就實(shí)現(xiàn)了不停獲取數(shù)據(jù)信息的小腳本，自己可以擴(kuò)展將結(jié)果寫入文件或者數(shù)據(jù)庫種用來持久化輸出了。
監(jiān)控內(nèi)存使用率
psutil庫的memory_info()方法可以獲取進(jìn)程的內(nèi)存占用，廢話不多說上代碼：
import psutil
import os
import time
def monitor_memory(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
memory_info = process.memory_info()
memory_percent = process.memory_percent()
print(f"內(nèi)存使用量: {memory_info.rss / (1024 * 1024):.2f} MB")
print(f"內(nèi)存使用率: {memory_percent:.2f}%")
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_process_id = os.getpid() # 替換為你要監(jiān)控的進(jìn)程ID
monitoring_duration = 60 # 監(jiān)控持續(xù)時(shí)間（秒）其中rss屬性可以獲取實(shí)際使用物理內(nèi)存，memory_info() 獲取進(jìn)程的內(nèi)存信息，簡(jiǎn)短的代碼就實(shí)現(xiàn)了內(nèi)存監(jiān)控，可以自己適當(dāng)擴(kuò)展了。
監(jiān)控IO使用率
psutil庫的io_counters()方法可以監(jiān)控進(jìn)程的IO操作，廢話不多說，上代碼：
import psutil
import os
import time
def monitor_io(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
io_counters = process.io_counters()
print(f"讀取字節(jié)數(shù): {io_counters.read_bytes}") # 要變成MB，需要除1024/1024
print(f"寫入字節(jié)數(shù): {io_counters.write_bytes}")
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_process_id = os.getpid() # 替換為你要監(jiān)控的進(jìn)程ID
monitoring_duration = 60 # 監(jiān)控持續(xù)時(shí)間（秒）
monitor_io(target_process_id, monitoring_duration)io_counters()方法返回了進(jìn)程的IO計(jì)數(shù)器信息，可以讀取和寫入的字節(jié)數(shù)。
小工具代碼整合 上面3個(gè)小函數(shù)已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了監(jiān)控我門常規(guī)的信息了，現(xiàn)在我們的要求是要同時(shí)監(jiān)控，而不是監(jiān)控完這個(gè)再監(jiān)控那個(gè)，對(duì)吧。so 勇哥使用異步編程來簡(jiǎn)單帶大伙玩一下，完整代碼如下：
import asyncio
import time
import psutil
async def monitor_io(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
io_counters = process.io_counters()
print(f"讀取字節(jié)數(shù): {io_counters.read_bytes / 1024 / 1024} MB")
print(f"寫入字節(jié)數(shù): {io_counters.write_bytes / 1024 / 1024} MB")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
async def monitor_memory(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
memory_info = process.memory_info()
memory_percent = process.memory_percent()
print(f"內(nèi)存使用量: {memory_info.rss / (1024 * 1024):.2f} MB")
print(f"內(nèi)存使用率: {memory_percent:.2f}%")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
async def monitor_cpu(process_id, duration):
process = psutil.Process(process_id)
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < duration:
cpu_percent = process.cpu_percent(interval=1)
print(f"CPU 使用率: {cpu_percent}%")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
async def main():
process_id = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入進(jìn)程ID："))
duration = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入監(jiān)控時(shí)長(zhǎng)（秒）："))
tasks = [
monitor_io(process_id, duration),
monitor_memory(process_id, duration),
monitor_cpu(process_id, duration)
]
await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())
