一個開源且全面的C#算法實戰(zhàn)教程
作者：大姚
一個C#實現的各種算法集合，這些算法涵蓋了計算機科學、數學和統計學、數據科學、機器學習、工程等多個領域。這些實現及其相關文檔旨在為教育工作者和學生提供學習資源。
前言
算法在計算機科學和程序設計中扮演著至關重要的角色，如在解決問題、優(yōu)化效率、決策優(yōu)化、實現計算機程序、提高可靠性以及促進科學融合等方面具有廣泛而深遠的影響。今天大姚給大家分享一個開源、免費、全面的C#算法實戰(zhàn)教程：TheAlgorithms/C-Sharp。
項目介紹
一個C#實現的各種算法集合，這些算法涵蓋了計算機科學、數學和統計學、數據科學、機器學習、工程等多個領域。這些實現及其相關文檔旨在為教育工作者和學生提供學習資源。因此，可能會找到針對同一目標使用不同算法策略和優(yōu)化的多種實現。
項目源代碼
圖片
主要算法包括
- 排序算法：冒泡排序、插入排序、計數排序、快速排序等
- 搜索算法：線性搜索、二分搜索等
- 數值計算：最大公約數、二項式系數、牛頓的平方根計算、歐拉方法等
- 字符串算法：Rabin-Karp 算法、KMP 算法、Manacher 算法等
- 數據結構：鏈表 (Linked List)、棧 (Stack)、隊列 (Queue)、二叉樹 (Binary Tree)等
- 圖算法：深度優(yōu)先搜索 (Depth-First Search)、廣度優(yōu)先搜索 (Breadth-First Search)、Dijkstra 最短路徑等
- 等等......
插入排序
/// <summary>
/// Class that implements insertion sort algorithm.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of array element.</typeparam>
public class InsertionSorter<T> : IComparisonSorter<T>
{
/// <summary>
/// Sorts array using specified comparer,
/// internal, in-place, stable,
/// time complexity: O(n^2),
/// space complexity: O(1),
/// where n - array length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="array">Array to sort.</param>
/// <param name="comparer">Compares elements.</param>
public void Sort(T[] array, IComparer<T> comparer)
{
for (var i = 1; i < array.Length; i++)
{
for (var j = i; j > 0 && comparer.Compare(array[j], array[j - 1]) < 0; j--)
{
var temp = array[j - 1];
array[j - 1] = array[j];
array[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}快速排序
/// <summary>
/// Sorts arrays using quicksort.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of array element.</typeparam>
public abstract class QuickSorter<T> : IComparisonSorter<T>
{
/// <summary>
/// Sorts array using Hoare partition scheme,
/// internal, in-place,
/// time complexity average: O(n log(n)),
/// time complexity worst: O(n^2),
/// space complexity: O(log(n)),
/// where n - array length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="array">Array to sort.</param>
/// <param name="comparer">Compares elements.</param>
public void Sort(T[] array, IComparer<T> comparer) => Sort(array, comparer, 0, array.Length - 1);
protected abstract T SelectPivot(T[] array, IComparer<T> comparer, int left, int right);
private void Sort(T[] array, IComparer<T> comparer, int left, int right)
{
if (left >= right)
{
return;
}
var p = Partition(array, comparer, left, right);
Sort(array, comparer, left, p);
Sort(array, comparer, p + 1, right);
}
private int Partition(T[] array, IComparer<T> comparer, int left, int right)
{
var pivot = SelectPivot(array, comparer, left, right);
var nleft = left;
var nright = right;
while (true)
{
while (comparer.Compare(array[nleft], pivot) < 0)
{
nleft++;
}
while (comparer.Compare(array[nright], pivot) > 0)
{
nright--;
}
if (nleft >= nright)
{
return nright;
}
var t = array[nleft];
array[nleft] = array[nright];
array[nright] = t;
nleft++;
nright--;
}
}
}線性搜索
/// <summary>
/// Class that implements linear search algorithm.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of array element.</typeparam>
public class LinearSearcher<T>
{
/// <summary>
/// Finds first item in array that satisfies specified term
/// Time complexity: O(n)
/// Space complexity: O(1).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">Array to search in.</param>
/// <param name="term">Term to check against.</param>
/// <returns>First item that satisfies term.</returns>
public T Find(T[] data, Func<T, bool> term)
{
for (var i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
{
if (term(data[i]))
{
return data[i];
}
}
throw new ItemNotFoundException();
}
/// <summary>
/// Finds index of first item in array that satisfies specified term
/// Time complexity: O(n)
/// Space complexity: O(1).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">Array to search in.</param>
/// <param name="term">Term to check against.</param>
/// <returns>Index of first item that satisfies term or -1 if none found.</returns>
public int FindIndex(T[] data, Func<T, bool> term)
{
for (var i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
{
if (term(data[i]))
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}項目源碼地址
更多項目實用功能和特性歡迎前往項目開源地址查看??，別忘了給項目一個Star支持??。
GitHub開源地址：https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/C-Sharp
責任編輯：武曉燕
來源：
追逐時光者
