Linux系統(tǒng)telnet服務(wù)設(shè)置大全
關(guān)于Linux系統(tǒng),這次我們來講解一下telnet服務(wù)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。那么對于Linux下的telnet設(shè)置,我們針對不同的版本以及相關(guān)的一些問題來進(jìn)行一下講解。那么具體內(nèi)容請大家參考正文。
一、telnet基礎(chǔ)知識
telnet:提供telnet服務(wù),使用未加密的用戶/密碼組進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,依附于xinetd服務(wù).文件位于/etc/xinetd.d/telnet.
krb5-telnet:提供telnet服務(wù),允許普通的telnet登陸,默認(rèn)是不允許root用戶登錄,使用kerberos5驗(yàn)證 ,依附于xinetd服務(wù).文件位于/etc/xinetd.d/krb5-telnet.
ekrb5-telnet:提供加密的telnet服務(wù),但是必須要ekrb5的加密服務(wù)器.文件位于/etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet.
xinetd:因特網(wǎng)操作服務(wù)程序.提供類似于inetd+tcp_wrapper的功能,但是更加強(qiáng)大和安全,監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)對各種它管理的服務(wù)的需求,并在要的時(shí)候啟動相應(yīng)的服務(wù)程序.文件位于/etc/xinetd.d中。
二、telnet服務(wù)安裝
1、查看telnet rpm包
- [root@rhel52 /]# rpm -qa | grep telnet
- telnet-0.17-38.el5
- telnet-server-0.17-38.el5 《=RHEL5CD#4
- [root@rhel52 /]#
2、安裝telnet server rpm包
- [root@rhel52 work]# rpm -ivh telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm
- warning: telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
- Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
- package telnet-server-0.17-38.el5 is already installed
- [root@rhel52 work]#
注:安裝完畢以后會在/etc/xinetd.d/中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)telnet配置文件#p#
三、telnet服務(wù)檢測
1、查看telnet服務(wù)
- [root@rhel52 /]# chkconfig --list | grep telnet
- ekrb5-telnet: off
- krb5-telnet: off
- telnet: off
- [root@rhel52 /]#
2、開啟telnet服務(wù)
- [root@rhel52 /]# chkconfig telnet on
- 也可以用[root@rhel52 /]# ntsysv開啟
3、設(shè)置自動啟動
- [root@rhel52 /]# chkconfig --level 35 telnet on
- [root@rhel52 /]# chkconfig --list | grep telnet
- ekrb5-telnet: off
- krb5-telnet: off
- telnet: on
- [root@rhel52 /]#
四、telnet服務(wù)調(diào)試
1、配置telnet文件
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/telnet
- # default: on
- # description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \
- # unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.
- service telnet
- {
- disable = no 《=確認(rèn)是no
- flags = REUSE
- socket_type = stream
- wait = no
- user = root
- server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
- log_on_failure += USERID
- }
2、注意/etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet 和 krb5-telnet兩個(gè)文件中的disable,稍后說明其作用.#p#
五、telnet開啟root
1、確認(rèn)/etc/pam.d/login中的pam_securetty.so行,并將其注釋掉"#"
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
- #%PAM-1.0
- #auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignoreignore=ignore default=bad] pam_securetty.so
- auth include system-auth
- account required pam_nologin.so
- account include system-auth
- password include system-auth
- # pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule
- session required pam_selinux.so close
- session include system-auth
- session required pam_loginuid.so
- session optional pam_console.so
- # pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the
- user context
- session required pam_selinux.so open
- session optional pam_keyinit.so force revoke
2、開通telnet控制臺,在/etc/securetty文件中設(shè)定
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/securetty
- console
- vc/1
- vc/2
- vc/3
- tty1
- tty2
- tty3
- tty4
- tty5
- ...
- pts/1
- pts/2
- pts/3
- pts/4
- pts/5
- 在文件后面追加"pts/1....pts/n"
#p#
六、telnet服務(wù)啟動
- 因?yàn)閠elnet服務(wù)是由xinetd調(diào)用,所以只要重新啟動xinetd即可
- [root@rhel52 /]# service xinetd restart
- Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
- Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
- [root@rhel52 /]#
七、telnet服務(wù)測試
- Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7100]
- 版權(quán)所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.保留所有權(quán)利.
- C:\>telnet 192.168.238.220
- 正在連接192.168.238.220...
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)
- Kernel 2.6.18-8.el5 on an i686
- login: root
- Password:
- Last login: Sat Aug 1 22:47:15 from 192.168.238.1
- [root@rhel52 ~]#
八、telnet端口更改
- 設(shè)定配置文件/etc/services
- [root@CentOS5 /]#vi /etc/services
找到下面的兩行:
- telnet 23/tcp
- telnet 23/udp
#p#
九、telnet服務(wù)限制
設(shè)定配置文件/etc/xinetd.d/telnet
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/telnet
- access_time = 20:00-24:00
- # default: on
- # description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \
- # unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.
- service telnet
- {
- disable = no
- flags = REUSE
- socket_type = stream
- wait = no
- user = root
- server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
- log_on_failure += USERID
- only_from = 192.168.0.0/16
- }
- #bind = 192.168.0.100
- #only_from = 192.168.0.0/24
- #no_access = 192.168.0.{80,90}
- #access_times = 8:00-9:00 20:00-23:00
十、配置文件krb5-telnet
文件所在位置 /etc/xinetd.d/krb5-telnet
其實(shí)rhel5已經(jīng)裝了krb5-telnet,那么就可以啟用這個(gè)服務(wù)來達(dá)到開啟telnet的目的.不用再安裝telnet-server這個(gè)軟件包了.可以使用Kerberos 5來進(jìn)行認(rèn)證.
1、開啟krb5-telnet服務(wù).
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/krb5-telnet
- 將"disabledisable = yes" 改為"disable = no"
2、啟動服務(wù)
- [root@rhel52 /]# service xinetd restart
十一、配置文件ekrb5-telnet
文件所在位置 /etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet
ekrb5- telnet可以用來提供加密的telnet服務(wù).如果啟用了ekrb5-telnet服務(wù),但是又沒有Kerberos服務(wù)器的話,那么在進(jìn)行 telnet登錄時(shí),總是會報(bào)"Unencrypted connection refused. Goodbye.(未加密的連接,拒絕服務(wù))"這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤.
1、開啟ekrb5-telnet服務(wù).
[root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet
將"disable = yes" 改為"disable = no"
2、啟動服務(wù)
[root@rhel52 /]# vim service xinetd restart
注:使用Kerberos 5來認(rèn)證和加密telnet會話前,需要先搭建一個(gè)Kerberos服務(wù)器.
#p#
十二、telnet服務(wù)登陸錯(cuò)誤解析
①錯(cuò)誤信息:
- Cannot resolve network address for KDC in requested realm while getting initial credentials
當(dāng)出現(xiàn)如上信息時(shí),請檢查/etc/xinetd.d/krb5-telnet,并將"disable = no"改成yes
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/krb5-telnet
- # default: off
- # description: The kerberized telnet server accepts normal telnet sessions, \
- # but can also use Kerberos 5 authentication.
- service telnet
- {
- flags = REUSE
- socket_type = stream
- wait = no
- user = root
- server = /usr/kerberos/sbin/telnetd
- log_on_failure += USERID
- disable = no <- no改成yes
- }
②錯(cuò)誤信息:
- Unencrypted connection refused. Goodbye.
遺失對主機(jī)的連接.當(dāng)出現(xiàn)如上信息時(shí),請檢查/etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet,并將"disable = no"改成yes
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/ekrb5-telnet
- # default: off
- # description: The kerberized telnet server accepts only telnet sessions, \
- # which use Kerberos 5 authentication and encryption.
- service telnet
- {
- flags = REUSE
- socket_type = stream
- wait = no
- user = root
- server = /usr/kerberos/sbin/telnetd
- server_args = -e
- log_on_failure += USERID
- disable = no <- no改成yes
- }
③錯(cuò)誤信息:
- getnameinfo: localhost: Success
- Temporary failure in name resolution: Illegal seek
當(dāng)出現(xiàn)如上信息時(shí),請檢查/etc/hosts,并將客戶端的地址和主機(jī)名寫進(jìn)去.
- [root@rhel52 /]# vim /etc/hosts
- # Do not remove the following line, or various programs
- # that require network functionality will fail.
- 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost rhel52
- #::1 rhel52 localhost6
- 192.168.238.220 rhel52
- 192.168.0.100 win-gk18e84nu08
本文來自CSDN博客,轉(zhuǎn)載請標(biāo)明出處:http://blog.csdn.net/zhangxue198501/archive/2009/12/15/5011479.aspx