Qt 事件處理機(jī)制 (下篇)
繼續(xù)我們上一篇文章繼續(xù)介紹,Qt 事件處理機(jī)制 (上篇) 介紹了Qt框架的事件處理機(jī)制:事件的產(chǎn)生、分發(fā)、接受和處理,并以視窗系統(tǒng)鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊QWidget為例,對(duì)代碼進(jìn)行了剖析,向大家分析了Qt框架如何通過(guò)Event Loop處理進(jìn)入處理消息隊(duì)列循環(huán),如何一步一步委派給平臺(tái)相關(guān)的函數(shù)獲取、打包用戶輸入事件交給視窗系統(tǒng)處理,函數(shù)調(diào)用棧如下:
- main(int, char **)
- QApplication::exec()
- QCoreApplication::exec()
- QEventLoop::exec(ProcessEventsFlags )
- QEventLoop::processEvents(ProcessEventsFlags )
- QEventDispatcherWin32::processEvents(QEventLoop::ProcessEventsFlags)
本文將介紹Qt app在視窗系統(tǒng)回調(diào)后,事件又是怎么一步步通過(guò)QApplication分發(fā)給最終事件的接受和處理者QWidget::event, (QWidget繼承Object,重載其虛函數(shù)event),以下所有的討論都將嵌入在源碼之中。
- QT_WIN_CALLBACK QtWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) bool QETWidget::translateMouseEvent(const MSG &msg)
- bool QApplicationPrivate::sendMouseEvent(...)
- inline bool QCoreApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent(QObject *receiver, QEvent *event)
- bool QCoreApplication::notifyInternal(QObject *receiver, QEvent *event)
- bool QApplication::notify(QObject *receiver, QEvent *e)
- bool QApplicationPrivate::notify_helper(QObject *receiver, QEvent * e)
- bool QWidget::event(QEvent *event)
- // (續(xù)上文Section 7) Section 2-1:
- QT_WIN_CALLBACK QtWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
- {
- ...
- //檢查message是否屬于Qt可轉(zhuǎn)義的鼠標(biāo)事件
- if (qt_is_translatable_mouse_event(message)) {
- if (QApplication::activePopupWidget() != 0) {
- POINT curPos = msg.pt;
- //取得鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊坐標(biāo)所在的QWidget指針,它指向我們?cè)趍ain創(chuàng)建的widget實(shí)例
- QWidget* w = QApplication::widgetAt(curPos.x, curPos.y);
- if (w)
- widget = (QETWidget*)w;
- }
- if (!qt_tabletChokeMouse) {
- //對(duì),就在這里。Windows的回調(diào)函數(shù)將鼠標(biāo)事件分發(fā)回給了Qt Widget
- // => Section 2-2
- result = widget->translateMouseEvent(msg);
- ...
- }
- // Section 2-2 $QTDIR\src\gui\kernel\qapplication_win.cpp
- //該函數(shù)所在與Windows平臺(tái)相關(guān),主要職責(zé)就是把已windows格式打包的鼠標(biāo)事件解包、翻譯成QApplication可識(shí)別的QMouseEvent,QWidget.
- bool QETWidget::translateMouseEvent(const MSG &msg)
- {
- //.. 這里很長(zhǎng)的代碼給以忽略
- // 讓我們看一下sendMouseEvent的聲明
- // widget是事件的接受者; e是封裝好的QMouseEvent
- // ==> Section 2-3
- res = QApplicationPrivate::sendMouseEvent(widget, &e, alienWidget, this, &qt_button_down, qt_last_mouse_receiver);
- }
- // Section 2-3 $QTDIR\src\gui\kernel\qapplication.cpp
- bool QApplicationPrivate::sendMouseEvent(QWidget *receiver, QMouseEvent *event,
- QWidget *alienWidget, QWidget *nativeWidget,
- QWidget **buttonDown, QPointer<QWidget> &lastMouseReceiver,
- bool spontaneous)
- {
- //至此與平臺(tái)相關(guān)代碼處理完畢
- //MouseEvent默認(rèn)的發(fā)送方式是spontaneous, 所以將執(zhí)行sendSpontaneousEvent。 sendSpontaneousEvent() 與 sendEvent的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)幾乎相同,
- 除了將QEvent的屬性spontaneous標(biāo)記不同。 這里是解釋什么spontaneous事件:如果事件由應(yīng)用程序之外產(chǎn)生的,比如一個(gè)系統(tǒng)事件。
- 顯然MousePress事件是由視窗系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)的事件(詳見(jiàn)上文Section 1~ Section 7),因此它是 spontaneous事件
- if (spontaneous)
- result = QApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent(receiver, event); ==〉Section 2-4
- else
- result = QApplication::sendEvent(receiver, event);
- }
- // (續(xù)上文Section 7) Section 2-1:
- QT_WIN_CALLBACK QtWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
- {
- ...
- //檢查message是否屬于Qt可轉(zhuǎn)義的鼠標(biāo)事件
- if (qt_is_translatable_mouse_event(message)) {
- if (QApplication::activePopupWidget() != 0) {
- POINT curPos = msg.pt;
- //取得鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊坐標(biāo)所在的QWidget指針,它指向我們?cè)趍ain創(chuàng)建的widget實(shí)例
- QWidget* w = QApplication::widgetAt(curPos.x, curPos.y);
- if (w)
- widget = (QETWidget*)w;
- }
- if (!qt_tabletChokeMouse) {
- //對(duì),就在這里。Windows的回調(diào)函數(shù)將鼠標(biāo)事件分發(fā)回給了Qt Widget
- // => Section 2-2
- result = widget->translateMouseEvent(msg);
- ...
- }
- // Section 2-2 $QTDIR\src\gui\kernel\qapplication_win.cpp
- //該函數(shù)所在與Windows平臺(tái)相關(guān),主要職責(zé)就是把已windows格式打包的鼠標(biāo)事件解包、翻譯成QApplication可識(shí)別的QMouseEvent,QWidget.
- bool QETWidget::translateMouseEvent(const MSG &msg)
- {
- //.. 這里很長(zhǎng)的代碼給以忽略
- // 讓我們看一下sendMouseEvent的聲明
- // widget是事件的接受者; e是封裝好的QMouseEvent
- // ==> Section 2-3
- res = QApplicationPrivate::sendMouseEvent(widget, &e, alienWidget, this, &qt_button_down, qt_last_mouse_receiver);
- }
- // Section 2-3 $QTDIR\src\gui\kernel\qapplication.cpp
- bool QApplicationPrivate::sendMouseEvent(QWidget *receiver, QMouseEvent *event,
- QWidget *alienWidget, QWidget *nativeWidget,
- QWidget **buttonDown, QPointer<QWidget> &lastMouseReceiver,
- bool spontaneous)
- {
- //至此與平臺(tái)相關(guān)代碼處理完畢
- //MouseEvent默認(rèn)的發(fā)送方式是spontaneous, 所以將執(zhí)行sendSpontaneousEvent。 sendSpontaneousEvent() 與 sendEvent的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)幾乎相同,
- 除了將QEvent的屬性spontaneous標(biāo)記不同。 這里是解釋什么spontaneous事件:如果事件由應(yīng)用程序之外產(chǎn)生的,比如一個(gè)系統(tǒng)事件。
- 顯然MousePress事件是由視窗系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)的事件(詳見(jiàn)上文Section 1~ Section 7),因此它是spontaneous事件
- if (spontaneous)
- result = QApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent(receiver, event); ==〉Section 2-4
- else
- result = QApplication::sendEvent(receiver, event);
- }
- // Section 2-4 C:\Qt\4.7.1-Vs\src\corelib\kernel\qcoreapplication.h
- inline bool QCoreApplication::sendSpontaneousEvent(QObject *receiver, QEvent *event)
- {
- //將event標(biāo)記為自發(fā)事件
- //進(jìn)一步調(diào)用 2-5 QCoreApplication::notifyInternal
- if (event) event->spont = true; return self ? self->notifyInternal(receiver, event) : false;
- }
- // Section 2-5: $QTDIR\gui\kernel\qapplication.cpp
- bool QCoreApplication::notifyInternal(QObject *receiver, QEvent *event)
- {
- // 幾行代碼對(duì)于Qt Jambi (QT Java綁定版本) 和QSA (QT Script for Application)的支持
- ...
- // 以下代碼主要意圖為Qt強(qiáng)制事件只能夠發(fā)送給當(dāng)前線程里的對(duì)象,也就是說(shuō)receiver->d_func()->threadData應(yīng)該等于QThreadData::current()。
- 注意,跨線程的事件需要借助Event Loop來(lái)派發(fā)
- QObjectPrivate *d = receiver->d_func();
- QThreadData *threadData = d->threadData;
- ++threadData->loopLevel;
- bool returnValue;
- QT_TRY {
- //哇,終于來(lái)到大名鼎鼎的函數(shù)QCoreApplication::nofity()了 ==> Section 2-6
- returnValue = notify(receiver, event);
- } QT_CATCH (...) {
- --threadData->loopLevel;
- QT_RETHROW;
- }
- }
- // Section 2-6: $QTDIR\gui\kernel\qapplication.cpp
- // QCoreApplication::notify和它的重載函數(shù)QApplication::notify在Qt的派發(fā)過(guò)程中起到核心的作用,Qt的官方文檔時(shí)這樣說(shuō)的:
- 任何線程的任何對(duì)象的所有事件在發(fā)送時(shí)都會(huì)調(diào)用notify函數(shù)。
- bool QApplication::notify(QObject *receiver, QEvent *e)
- {
- //代碼很長(zhǎng),最主要的是一個(gè)大大的Switch,Case
- ..
- switch ( e->type())
- {
- ...
- case QEvent::MouseButtonPress:
- case QEvent::MouseButtonRelease:
- case QEvent::MouseButtonDblClick:
- case QEvent::MouseMove:
- ...
- //讓自己私有類(d是私有類的句柄)來(lái)進(jìn)一步處理 ==> Section 2-7
- res = d->notify_helper(w, w == receiver ? mouse : &me);
- e->spont = false;
- break;
- }
- ...
- }
- // Section 2-7: $QTDIR\gui\kernel\qapplication.cpp
- bool QApplicationPrivate::notify_helper(QObject *receiver, QEvent * e)
- {
- ...
- // 向事件過(guò)濾器發(fā)送該事件,這里介紹一下Event Filters. 事件過(guò)濾器是一個(gè)接受即將發(fā)送給目標(biāo)對(duì)象所有事件的對(duì)象。
- //如代碼所示它開(kāi)始處理事件在目標(biāo)對(duì)象行動(dòng)之前。過(guò)濾器的QObject::eventFilter()實(shí)現(xiàn)被調(diào)用,能接受或者丟棄過(guò)濾,
- 允許或者拒絕事件的更進(jìn)一步的處理。如果所有的事件過(guò)濾器允許更進(jìn)一步的事件處理,事件將被發(fā)送到目標(biāo)對(duì)象本身。
- 如果他們中的一個(gè)停止處理,目標(biāo)和任何后來(lái)的事件過(guò)濾器不能看到任何事件。
- if (sendThroughObjectEventFilters(receiver, e))
- return true;
- // 遞交事件給receiver => Section 2-8
- bool consumed = receiver->event(e);
- e->spont = false;
- }
- // Section 2-8 $QTDIR\gui\kernel\qwidget.cpp
- // QApplication通過(guò)notify及其私有類notify_helper,將事件最終派發(fā)給了QObject的子類- QWidget.
- bool QWidget::event(QEvent *event)
- {
- ...
- switch(event->type()) {
- case QEvent::MouseButtonPress:
- // Don't reset input context here. Whether reset or not is
- // a responsibility of input method. reset() will be
- // called by mouseHandler() of input method if necessary
- // via mousePressEvent() of text widgets.
- #if 0
- resetInputContext();
- #endif
- //mousePressEvent是虛函數(shù),QWidget的子類可以通過(guò)重載重新定義mousePress事件的行為
- mousePressEvent((QMouseEvent*)event);
- break;
- }
小結(jié):Qt 事件處理機(jī)制 (下篇)的內(nèi)容介紹完了,希望本文對(duì)你 有所幫助!更多相關(guān)資料請(qǐng)參考編輯推薦!