SQLite在Android中使用注意事項
1、模糊查詢的陷阱
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from song where song_title like '?%' ", selectionArgs);
這行代碼中由于占位符 ? 在單引號內(nèi),因此不會被當(dāng)做占位符,而是對?進行了模糊查找,會產(chǎn)生類似如下報錯:
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException: bind or column index out of range: handle 0x3418b0
解決方法:
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from song where song_title like '" + selectionArgs[0] + "%'", selectionArgs);
2、cursor.getString(0)方法的陷阱
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select song_singer from song group by song_singer having count(*)<2 ", null); 2 cursor.moveToFirst(); 3 for ( int i= 0; i<cursor.getCount(); i++ ) 4 { 5 str_ge_shou_auto[i] = cursor.getString(0); 6 System.out.println("str_ge_shou_auto[i] is "+str_ge_shou_auto[i]); 7 cursor.moveToNext(); 8 } 9 cursor.close();
以上代碼可以正確實現(xiàn)從在database中返回的cursor中讀取數(shù)據(jù),但以下代碼會出現(xiàn)問題
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from song where song_title like '" + selectionArgs[0] + "%'", null); 2 System.out.println(cursor.getString(0));
會出現(xiàn)類似這個錯誤:android.database.CursorIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index -1 requested, with a size of 1
解決方法:
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from song where song_title like '" + selectionArgs[0] + "%'", null); 2 cursor.moveToFirst(); 3 System.out.println(cursor.getString(0));
關(guān)鍵就是這句 cursor.moveToFirst();
當(dāng)然使用 cursor.getString(0); 方法之后cursor并不會moveToNext
而對于SimpleCursorAdapter而言,則不需先進行cursor.moveToFirst();
3、SimpleCursorAdapter的 _id 陷阱
使用SimpleCursorAdapter封裝Cursor時要求底層數(shù)據(jù)表的主鍵列的列名為_id,因為SimpleCursorAdapter只能識別列名為_id的主鍵
以下代碼會報錯 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: column ‘_id’ does not exist
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select song_singer from song where song_singer like '"+selectionArgs[0]+"%' group by song_singer", null); 2 SimpleCursorAdapter simple_adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter( 3 MusicLookup.this , R.layout.music_lookup_singer_item, cursor 4 , new String[]{"song_singer"} 5 , new int[]{R.id.song_singer_lookup_singer});
解決方法:
- cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from song where song_singer like '"+selectionArgs[0]+"%' group by song_singer", null); 2 SimpleCursorAdapter simple_adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter( 3 MusicLookup.this , R.layout.music_lookup_singer_item, cursor 4 , new String[]{"song_singer"} 5 , new int[]{R.id.song_singer_lookup_singer});
要使用SimpleCursorAdapter,則不要在SQL語句中進行column的選擇,而是在 new SimpleCursorAdapter(...) 的時候進行對需要的column的選擇
4、關(guān)于 AutoCompleteTextView 與 SQLite 關(guān)聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)源的陷阱
AutoCompleteTextView的使用需要ArrayAdapter 適配器來提供數(shù)據(jù)源,一般都使用 new ArrayAdapter<String> 從字符串的對象數(shù)組中得到數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)成ArrayAdapter,對于靜態(tài)的字符串對象數(shù)組來說,這只需初始化時直接寫入數(shù)據(jù)就行,類似這樣:
- private String[] test = {"a","ab","abc"};
這樣便不會引起 “元素數(shù)<數(shù)組長度” 的問題,然而如果像下面這樣:
- private String[] test = new String[100]; 2 ...... 3 test[0] = "a"; 4 test[1] = "ab"; 5 test[2] = "abc"; 6 ......
這就會引起 “元素數(shù)<數(shù)組長度” 的問題,雖然不會報錯,但使用
ArrayAdapter<String> array_ge_ming = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MusicLookup.this, android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, test);
來初始化ArrayAdapter,并把ArrayAdapter和AutoCompleteTextView關(guān)聯(lián)后,你會發(fā)現(xiàn),你輸入時并不會有自動匹配。
從SQLite得來的數(shù)據(jù)是動態(tài)的,是不能對字符串對象數(shù)組進行事先的靜態(tài)初始化的,為了解決這個問題,我使用了一下方法:
- private String[] str_ge_ming_auto; //聲明時先不初始化 ...... 2 try{ 3 cursor = db.rawQuery("select song_title from song", null); 4 cursor.moveToFirst(); 5 System.out.println("cursor.getCount() is "+cursor.getCount()); 6 str_ge_ming_auto = new String[cursor.getCount()]; //利用從SQLite返回的Cursor對象的getCount()方法得到需要的數(shù)組長度 7 for ( int i= 0; i<cursor.getCount(); i++ ) 8 { 9 str_ge_ming_auto[i] = cursor.getString(0); 10 System.out.println("str_ge_ming_auto[i] is "+str_ge_ming_auto[i]); //一個個賦值 11 cursor.moveToNext(); 12 } 13 cursor.close(); 14 15 System.out.println("str_ge_shou_auto finish"); 16 }catch(SQLiteException se){ 17 db.execSQL("create table song(_id integer primary key autoincrement," + "song_num varchar(5),"
- + "song_title varchar(20)," + "song_singer varchar(10)," + "song_info varchar(20));"); 18 }