也許vue+css3做交互特效更簡單
1、前言
做項目就難免會開發(fā)交互效果或者特效,而我最近開發(fā)的項目一直在使用vue,開發(fā)技術(shù)棧方面,理所當然就使用了vue+css3開發(fā),過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)使用vue+css3開發(fā)特效,和javascript/jquery+css3的思維方式不一樣,但是比javascript/jquery+css3簡單一點點。今天就分享三個簡單的小實例,希望能起到拓展思維的作用,讓大家明白vue+css3應該怎樣開發(fā)交互效果!如果大家有什么好的建議,或者覺得我哪里寫錯了,歡迎指出!
1.文章上面的代碼,雖然代碼很簡單,不難理解,但是也是建議大家邊寫邊看,這樣不會混亂。
2.文章所提及的小實例,都是很基礎(chǔ)的,大家可以參照自己的想法進行擴展,或者修改,可能會有意想不到的效果。我寫這類型的文章也是想授人以漁,不是授人以魚!
3.這幾個實例,摘自我自己的平常練習的項目,代碼已經(jīng)提到github上面了(vue-demos)。歡迎大家star。
2、開場小動畫
運行效果
gif圖模糊效果看著跟實際效果不太一樣!大家注意!
原理分析
說到原理分析,其實也沒什么可以分析的,就是在頁面是下面這個狀態(tài)的時候,把文字替換掉。至于看到字體縮成一團,就是letter-spacing這個css屬性的控制效果。字體模糊就是filter: blur()這個css屬性的控制效果!看到有逐漸的變化,就是css3動畫(animation)的效果
下面簡單分析下,這個動畫的幾個步驟,從下面看到,這個動畫一共8個步驟。
這下就清晰明了了,我們要在下圖這個瞬間開始改變文字,也就是頁面加載了兩秒后,動畫執(zhí)行了兩次后就開始改變文字。然后每隔兩秒改變一次文字,直到最后!
下面給出vue和javascript兩種方式的代碼,看下哪種方式更加的簡單!
vue方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <style>
- body{
- background: #ccc;
- }
- h1 {
- color: white;
- text-transform: uppercase;
- margin-top: 100px;
- text-align: center;
- font-size: 6rem;
- line-height: 1;
- animation: letterspacing 1s 7 alternate ease-in-out;
- display: block;
- letter-spacing: .5rem;
- }
- @keyframes letterspacing {
- 0% {
- letter-spacing: -72px;
- filter: blur(20px);
- }
- 40% {
- filter: blur(6px);
- }
- 80% {
- letter-spacing: 8px;
- filter: blur(0);
- }
- }
- </style>
- <body>
- <div id="text">
- <h1>{{testText}}</h1>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script src="vue.min.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- new Vue({
- el:'#text',
- data:{
- nowIndex:0,
- testText:'歡迎瀏覽'
- },
- mounted(){
- let _this=this;
- let timer = setInterval(function(){
- _this.nowIndex++;
- switch (_this.nowIndex) {
- case 1:
- _this.testText = '守候的文章';
- break;
- case 2:
- _this.testText = '愿您瀏覽愉快';
- break;
- case 3:
- _this.testText = '學到知識';
- break;
- }
- if (_this.nowIndex > 3) {
- setTimeout(() => {
- clearInterval(timer);
- }, 2000)
- }
- }, 2000)
- }
- })
- </script>
- </html>
javascript方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <style>
- body{
- background: #ccc;
- }
- h1 {
- color: white;
- text-transform: uppercase;
- margin-top: 100px;
- text-align: center;
- font-size: 6rem;
- line-height: 1;
- animation: letterspacing 1s 7 alternate ease-in-out;
- display: block;
- letter-spacing: .5rem;
- }
- @keyframes letterspacing {
- 0% {
- letter-spacing: -6rem;
- filter: blur(1rem);
- }
- 40% {
- filter: blur(.3rem);
- }
- 80% {
- letter-spacing: .5rem;
- filter: blur(0rem);
- }
- }
- </style>
- <body>
- <div id="text">
- <h1>歡迎瀏覽</h1>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script>
- var oH1=document.querySelector('h1'),nowIndex=0;
- console.log(oH1)
- var timer = setInterval(function () {
- nowIndex++;
- switch (nowIndex) {
- case 1:
- oH1.innerHTML = '守候的文章';
- break;
- case 2:
- oH1.innerHTML = '愿您瀏覽愉快';
- break;
- case 3:
- oH1.innerHTML = '學到知識';
- break;
- }
- if (nowIndex > 3) {
- setTimeout(() => {
- clearInterval(timer);
- }, 2000)
- }
- }, 2000)
- </script>
- </html>
3、導航滑塊
運行效果
原理分析
首先,下面是頁面初始化的時候,橙色滑塊的位置
鼠標放到第二個tab上面,大家可以看到,橙色滑塊就是向右偏移了一個tab的距離
鼠標放到第三個tab上面,大家可以看到,橙色滑塊就是向右偏移了兩個tab的距離
如果從第一個tab到第六個tab的索引是0,1,2,3,4,5。
那么滑塊的公式就是(索引*tab的寬度)。大家看到有逐漸過去的效果,其實是css3過渡(transition)的效果。大家看下面的代碼就行了,一看就懂!代碼如下:
vue方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css">
- <style>
- .nav{
- margin: 40px;
- position: relative;
- }
- .nav li{
- float: left;
- width: 100px;
- height: 40px;
- line-height: 40px;
- color: #fff;
- text-align: center;
- background: #09f;
- cursor: pointer;
- }
- .nav span{
- position: relative;
- z-index: 2;
- }
- .nav .slider{
- position: absolute;
- transition: all .5s cubic-bezier(0.4, -0.3, 0.57, 1.38);
- width: 100px;
- height: 40px;
- background: #f90;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- z-index: 1;
- }
- </style>
- <body>
- <div class="nav clear" id="nav" @mouseleave="nowIndex=0">
- <ul>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=0"><span>Tab One</span></li>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=1"><span>Tab Two</span></li>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=2"><span>Tab Three</span></li>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=3"><span>Tab four</span></li>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=4"><span>Tab five</span></li>
- <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=5"><span>Tab six</span></li>
- </ul>
- <div class="slider" :style="{'transform':'translate3d('+nowIndex*100+'px,0,0)'}"></div>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script src="vue.min.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- new Vue({
- el:'#nav',
- data:{
- nowIndex:0
- }
- })
- </script>
- </html>
javascript方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css">
- <style>
- .nav{
- position: relative;
- }
- .nav li{
- float: left;
- width: 100px;
- height: 40px;
- line-height: 40px;
- color: #fff;
- text-align: center;
- background: #09f;
- cursor: pointer;
- }
- .nav span{
- position: relative;
- z-index: 2;
- }
- .nav .slider{
- position: absolute;
- transition: all .5s cubic-bezier(0.4, -0.3, 0.57, 1.38);
- width: 100px;
- height: 40px;
- background: #f90;
- top: 0;
- left: 0;
- z-index: 1;
- }
- </style>
- <body>
- <div class="nav clear" id="nav">
- <ul>
- <li><span>Tab One</span></li>
- <li><span>Tab Two</span></li>
- <li><span>Tab Three</span></li>
- <li><span>Tab four</span></li>
- <li><span>Tab five</span></li>
- <li><span>Tab six</span></li>
- </ul>
- <div class="slider"></div>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- var oDiv=document.querySelector("#nav"),oLi=oDiv.querySelectorAll("li"),oSlider=document.querySelector(".slider");
- oDiv.addEventListener("mouseleave",function () {
- oSlider.style.transform='translate3d(0,0,0)';
- })
- for(var i=0;i<oLi.length;i++){
- oLi[i].index=i;
- oLi[i].addEventListener("mouseenter",function (e) {
- oSlider.style.transform='translate3d('+this.index*100+'px,0,0)';
- })
- }
- </script>
- </html>
4、輪播圖
運行效果
原理分析
藍框的是li,黑框的是div
初始化狀態(tài)
處于顯示第二張圖片的時候
看到上面,其實也就是控制ul的偏移量(transform:translate3d)。計算公式和上面的滑塊相似,索引(0|1|2|3)*li的寬度。不同的就是,ul的偏移量是取負數(shù),因為ul是想左偏,上面的滑塊是向右偏!
當?shù)谝粡垐D片的時候,ul偏移量設(shè)置(transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px))。
當?shù)诙垐D片的時候,ul偏移量設(shè)置(transform: translate3d(-1000px, 0px, 0px))。
當?shù)诙垐D片的時候,ul偏移量設(shè)置(transform: translate3d(-2000px, 0px, 0px))。以此類推,偏移量很簡單的就能計算出來!
可能我說的大家有點懵,但是,看下面的代碼,就不會懵了,因為代碼也很簡單!
vue方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css">
- <style>
- .slide-img {
- width: 1000px;
- height: 500px;
- overflow: hidden;
- position: relative;
- margin: 20px auto;
- }
- ul {
- transition: all .5s ease;
- }
- li {
- float: left;
- }
- .slide-arrow div {
- width: 50px;
- height: 100px;
- position: absolute;
- margin: auto;
- top: 0;
- bottom: 0;
- background: url("http://i1.bvimg.com/1949/4d860a3067fab23b.jpg") no-repeat;
- }
- .arrow-right {
- transform: rotate(180deg);
- right: 0;
- }
- .arrow-left {
- left: 0;
- }
- .slide-option{
- position: absolute;
- bottom: 10px;
- width: 100%;
- left: 0;
- text-align: center;
- }
- .slide-option span{
- display: inline-block;
- width: 14px;
- height: 14px;
- border-radius: 100%;
- background: #ccc;
- margin: 0 10px;
- }
- .slide-option .active{
- background: #09f;
- }
- </style>
- </head>
- <body>
- <div class="slide-img clear" id="slide-img">
- <!--用tran這個class控制ul是否含有過渡效果,樣式已經(jīng)寫好-->
- <ul :style="{'width':(listWidth*list.length)+'px','transform':'translate3d(-'+(listWidth*nowIndex)+'px,0,0)'}">
- <!--遍歷出來的圖片-->
- <li v-for="(li,index) in list" :style="{'width':listWidth+'px'}">
- <a href="javascript:;">
- <img :src="li" class="slider-img"/>
- </a>
- </li>
- </ul>
- <div class="slide-option">
- <span v-for="(li,index) in list" :class="{'active':index===nowIndex}"></span>
- </div>
- <div class="slide-arrow">
- <div class="arrow-left" @click.stop="switchDo('reduce')"></div>
- <div class="arrow-right" @click.stop="switchDo"></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script src="vue.min.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- new Vue({
- el: '#slide-img',
- data: {
- nowIndex: 0,
- listWidth: '1000',
- list: ['./images/timg1.jpg', './images/timg2.jpg', './images/timg3.jpg', './images/timg4.jpg'],
- timer:null
- },
- methods: {
- //滑動操作
- switchDo(reduce){
- clearInterval(this.timer);
- //根據(jù)reduce判斷this.nowIndex的增加或者減少!
- if(reduce==='reduce'){
- //如果是第一張,就返回最后一張
- if(this.nowIndex===0){
- this.nowIndex=this.list.length-1;
- }
- else{
- this.nowIndex--;
- }
- }
- else{
- //如果是最后一張,就返回第一張
- if(this.nowIndex===this.list.length-1){
- this.nowIndex=0;
- }
- else{
- this.nowIndex++;
- }
- }
- var _this=this;
- this.timer=setInterval(function () {
- _this.switchDo();
- },4000)
- },
- },
- mounted(){
- var _this=this;
- this.timer=setInterval(function () {
- _this.switchDo();
- },4000)
- }
- })
- </script>
- </html>
javascript方式
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css">
- <style>
- .slide-img {
- width: 1000px;
- height: 500px;
- overflow: hidden;
- position: relative;
- margin: 20px auto;
- }
- ul {
- transition: all .5s ease;
- }
- li {
- float: left;
- }
- .slide-arrow div {
- width: 50px;
- height: 100px;
- position: absolute;
- margin: auto;
- top: 0;
- bottom: 0;
- background: url("http://i1.bvimg.com/1949/4d860a3067fab23b.jpg") no-repeat;
- }
- .arrow-right {
- transform: rotate(180deg);
- right: 0;
- }
- .arrow-left {
- left: 0;
- }
- .slide-option{
- position: absolute;
- bottom: 10px;
- width: 100%;
- left: 0;
- text-align: center;
- }
- .slide-option span{
- display: inline-block;
- width: 14px;
- height: 14px;
- border-radius: 100%;
- background: #ccc;
- margin: 0 10px;
- }
- .slide-option .active{
- background: #09f;
- }
- </style>
- </head>
- <body>
- <div class="slide-img clear" id="slide-img">
- <!--用tran這個class控制ul是否含有過渡效果,樣式已經(jīng)寫好-->
- <ul id="slide-img-ul">
- <!--遍歷出來的圖片-->
- <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;"><img src="images/timg1.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
- <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;"><img src="images/timg2.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
- <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;"><img src="images/timg3.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
- <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;"><img src="images/timg4.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
- </ul>
- <div class="slide-option">
- <span></span>
- <span></span>
- <span></span>
- <span></span>
- </div>
- <div class="slide-arrow">
- <div class="arrow-left"></div>
- <div class="arrow-right"></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </body>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- window.onload=function () {
- var oUl=document.querySelector('#slide-img-ul');
- var oLi=oUl.querySelectorAll('li');
- var oSpan=document.querySelector('.slide-option').querySelectorAll('span');
- var oArrowLeft=document.querySelector('.arrow-left');
- var oArrowRight=document.querySelector('.arrow-right');
- oUl.style.width='4000px';
- oArrowLeft.addEventListener('click',function () {
- switchDo('reduce');
- })
- oArrowRight.addEventListener('click',function () {
- switchDo();
- })
- var timer=null,nowIndex=0;
- function switchDo(reduce){
- clearInterval(timer);
- //設(shè)置樣式
- oUl.style.transform='translate3d(-'+(1000*nowIndex)+'px,0,0)';
- for (var i=0;i<oSpan.length;i++){
- if(i===nowIndex){
- oSpan[i].className='active';
- }
- else{
- oSpan[i].className='';
- }
- }
- //根據(jù)reduce判斷this.nowIndex的增加或者減少!
- if(reduce==='reduce'){
- //如果是第一張,就返回最后一張
- if(nowIndex===0){
- nowIndex=oLi.length-1;
- }
- else{
- nowIndex--;
- }
- }
- else{
- //如果是最后一張,就返回第一張
- if(nowIndex===oLi.length-1){
- nowIndex=0;
- }
- else{
- nowIndex++;
- }
- }
- timer=setInterval(function () {
- switchDo();
- },4000)
- }
- switchDo();
- }
- </script>
- </html>
5、小結(jié)
好了,關(guān)于vue+css3開發(fā)的特效,以及和javascript+css3的對比,就說到這里了,希望這三個小實例,能幫到大家了解下應該怎么使用vue+css3開發(fā)特效的。今天講這三個小實例不是說給大家代碼,讓大家復制粘貼使用,而是希望能起到一個拋磚引玉的作用,拓展思維的作用!就像我之前寫文章說得那樣,我寫文章是希望能起到一個授人以漁的作用,而不是授人以魚!最后,如果大家覺得有什么地方我寫錯了,寫錯不好,或者有其它什么建議,歡迎指出!讓大家相互學習,共同進步!