聊聊Java中的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)與重定向
本文轉(zhuǎn)載自微信公眾號「見賢思編程」,作者泰斗賢若如。轉(zhuǎn)載本文請聯(lián)系見賢思編程公眾號。
轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)與重定向簡介
轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和重定向都是實(shí)現(xiàn)頁面跳轉(zhuǎn)
也就是說,當(dāng)我們訪問一個(gè) Servlet 的時(shí)候 ,Servlet 幫我們跳轉(zhuǎn)到另一個(gè)界面。
轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)與重定向的區(qū)別
- 實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)調(diào)用的是 HttpServletRequest 對象中的方法
- 實(shí)現(xiàn)重定向調(diào)用的是 HttpServletResponse 對象中的方法
- 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)時(shí)瀏覽器中的 url 地址不會發(fā)生改變
- 重定向時(shí)瀏覽器中的 url 地址會發(fā)生改變
- 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)時(shí)瀏覽器只請求一次服務(wù)器
- 重定向時(shí)瀏覽器請求兩次服務(wù)器
- 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)能使用 request 帶數(shù)據(jù)到跳轉(zhuǎn)的頁面
- 重定向能使用 ServletContext 帶數(shù)據(jù)到跳轉(zhuǎn)的頁面
代碼演示轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和重定向
- package servlet;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
- @WebServlet("/login")
- public class ServletDemo extends HttpServlet {
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //獲取表單提交過來的數(shù)據(jù)
- //getParameter()方法可以獲取請求的參數(shù)信息
- String name = req.getParameter("name");
- String password = req.getParameter("password");
- //打印獲取到的參數(shù)信息
- System.out.println("name:"+name);
- System.out.println("password:"+password);
- //如果name=admin,password=123,則跳轉(zhuǎn)到succee.jsp,否則跳轉(zhuǎn)到fail.jsp
- if("admin".equals(name)&&"123".equals(password)){
- //通過轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)跳轉(zhuǎn)
- req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req,resp);
- }else {
- //通過重定向?qū)崿F(xiàn)跳轉(zhuǎn)
- resp.sendRedirect("/fail.jsp");
- }
- }
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- doGet(req, resp);
- }
- }
JSP代碼
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>登錄</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <form action="/login">
- <table align="center">
- <tr>
- <td>賬號:</td>
- <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>密碼:</td>
- <td><input type="text" name="password"></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><input type="submit" value="登錄"></td>
- <td><input type="reset" value="重置"></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>
轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和重定向如何帶數(shù)據(jù)到某個(gè)頁面
- package servlet;
- import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
- @WebServlet("/login")
- public class ServletDemo extends HttpServlet {
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //通過轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)帶數(shù)據(jù)
- req.setAttribute("name","張三");
- req.getRequestDispatcher("/send.jsp").forward(req,resp);
- }
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- doGet(req, resp);
- }
- }
send.jsp
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和重定向傳代數(shù)據(jù)練習(xí)</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <%
- //1、接收轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)傳代的數(shù)據(jù)
- String name = (String) request.getAttribute("name");
- out.println("轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)傳代的數(shù)據(jù):"+name);
- %>
- </body>
- </html>
- package servlet;
- import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
- @WebServlet("/login")
- public class ServletDemo extends HttpServlet {
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //通過重定向帶數(shù)據(jù)
- ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
- servletContext.setAttribute("name","王二麻子");
- resp.sendRedirect("/send2.jsp");
- }
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- doGet(req, resp);
- }
- }
send2.jsp
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和重定向傳代數(shù)據(jù)練習(xí)</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <%
- //1、接收重定向傳代的數(shù)據(jù)
- String name1 = (String)application.getAttribute("name");
- out.println("重定向傳代的數(shù)據(jù):"+name1);
- %>
- </body>
- </html>
練習(xí)
index.jsp
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <form action="CountServlet" method="post">
- <h3>加法計(jì)算器</h3>
- 加數(shù)1:<input type="number" name="one">
- 加數(shù)2:<input type="number" name="two">
- <input type="submit" value="計(jì)算">
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>
count.jsp
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>Title</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- 計(jì)算結(jié)果:<%=request.getAttribute("count")%>
- <!--計(jì)算結(jié)果:<%=application.getAttribute("count")%>-->
- </body>
- </html>
Servlet
- package servlet;
- import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
- @WebServlet("/CountServlet")
- public class CountServlet extends HttpServlet {
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- String one=request.getParameter("one");
- int o=Integer.parseInt(one);//強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換,將String類型的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成int類型
- String two=request.getParameter("two");
- int t=Integer.parseInt(two);//強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換,將String類型的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成int類型
- System.out.println(one+" "+two);
- int c=o+t;
- String co=String.valueOf(c);//將int類型的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成String類型
- //轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),可以攜帶數(shù)據(jù)
- request.setAttribute("count",co);
- request.getRequestDispatcher("count.jsp").forward(request,response);
- //用于存放數(shù)據(jù)
- // ServletContext s=this.getServletContext();
- // s.setAttribute("count",co);
- //重定向只能依靠ServletContext獲取數(shù)據(jù)
- // response.sendRedirect("count.jsp");
- System.out.println(co);
- }
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- doPost(request,response);
- }
- }