SpringBoot實現(xiàn)Excel導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出,好用到爆,POI可以扔掉了!
EasyPoi簡介
用慣了SpringBoot的朋友估計會想到,有沒有什么辦法可以直接定義好需要導(dǎo)出的數(shù)據(jù)對象,然后添加幾個注解,直接自動實現(xiàn)Excel導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出功能?
EasyPoi正是這么一款工具,如果你不太熟悉POI,想簡單地實現(xiàn)Excel操作,用它就對了!
EasyPoi的目標(biāo)不是替代POI,而是讓一個不懂導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出的人也能快速使用POI完成Excel的各種操作,而不是看很多API才可以完成這樣的工作。
集成
在SpringBoot中集成EasyPoi非常簡單,只需添加如下一個依賴即可,真正的開箱即用!
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
- <artifactId>easypoi-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
- <version>4.4.0</version>
- </dependency>
使用
接下來介紹下EasyPoi的使用,以會員信息和訂單信息的導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出為例,分別實現(xiàn)下簡單的單表導(dǎo)出和具有關(guān)聯(lián)信息的復(fù)雜導(dǎo)出。
簡單導(dǎo)出
我們以會員信息列表導(dǎo)出為例,使用EasyPoi來實現(xiàn)下導(dǎo)出功能,看看是不是夠簡單!
- 首先創(chuàng)建一個會員對象Member,封裝會員信息;
- /**
- * 購物會員
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Data
- @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
- public class Member {
- @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10)
- private Long id;
- @Excel(name = "用戶名", width = 20, needMerge = true)
- private String username;
- private String password;
- @Excel(name = "昵稱", width = 20, needMerge = true)
- private String nickname;
- @Excel(name = "出生日期", width = 20, format = "yyyy-MM-dd")
- private Date birthday;
- @Excel(name = "手機號", width = 20, needMerge = true, desensitizationRule = "3_4")
- private String phone;
- private String icon;
- @Excel(name = "性別", width = 10, replace = {"男_0", "女_1"})
- private Integer gender;
- }
- 在此我們就可以看到EasyPoi的核心注解@Excel,通過在對象上添加@Excel注解,可以將對象信息直接導(dǎo)出到Excel中去,下面對注解中的屬性做個介紹;
- name:Excel中的列名;
- width:指定列的寬度;
- needMerge:是否需要縱向合并單元格;
- format:當(dāng)屬性為時間類型時,設(shè)置時間的導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)出格式;
- desensitizationRule:數(shù)據(jù)脫敏處理,3_4表示只顯示字符串的前3位和后4位,其他為*號;
- replace:對屬性進行替換;
- suffix:對數(shù)據(jù)添加后綴。
- 接下來我們在Controller中添加一個接口,用于導(dǎo)出會員列表到Excel,具體代碼如下;
- /**
- * EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試Controller
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Controller
- @Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試")
- @RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
- public class EasyPoiController {
- @ApiOperation(value = "導(dǎo)出會員列表Excel")
- @RequestMapping(value = "/exportMemberList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public void exportMemberList(ModelMap map,
- HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response) {
- List<Member> memberList = LocalJsonUtil.getListFromJson("json/members.json", Member.class);
- ExportParams params = new ExportParams("會員列表", "會員列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, memberList);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Member.class);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "memberList");
- PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
- }
- }
- LocalJsonUtil工具類,可以直接從resources目錄下獲取JSON數(shù)據(jù)并轉(zhuǎn)化為對象,例如此處使用的members.json;
- 運行項目,直接通過Swagger訪問接口,注意在Swagger中訪問接口無法直接下載,需要點擊返回結(jié)果中的下載按鈕才行,訪問地址:http://localhost:8088/swagger-ui/
- 下載完成后,查看下文件,一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Excel文件已經(jīng)被導(dǎo)出了。
簡單導(dǎo)入
導(dǎo)入功能實現(xiàn)起來也非常簡單,下面以會員信息列表的導(dǎo)入為例。
- 在Controller中添加會員信息導(dǎo)入的接口,這里需要注意的是使用@RequestPart注解修飾文件上傳參數(shù),否則在Swagger中就沒法顯示上傳按鈕了;
- /**
- * EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試Controller
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Controller
- @Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試")
- @RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
- public class EasyPoiController {
- @ApiOperation("從Excel導(dǎo)入會員列表")
- @RequestMapping(value = "/importMemberList", method = RequestMethod.POST)
- @ResponseBody
- public CommonResult importMemberList(@RequestPart("file") MultipartFile file) {
- ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
- params.setTitleRows(1);
- params.setHeadRows(1);
- try {
- List<Member> list = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(
- file.getInputStream(),
- Member.class, params);
- return CommonResult.success(list);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return CommonResult.failed("導(dǎo)入失??!");
- }
- }
- }
- 然后在Swagger中測試接口,選擇之前導(dǎo)出的Excel文件即可,導(dǎo)入成功后會返回解析到的數(shù)據(jù)。
復(fù)雜導(dǎo)出
當(dāng)然EasyPoi也可以實現(xiàn)更加復(fù)雜的Excel操作,比如導(dǎo)出一個嵌套了會員信息和商品信息的訂單列表,下面我們來實現(xiàn)下!
- 首先添加商品對象Product,用于封裝商品信息;
- /**
- * 商品
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Data
- @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
- public class Product {
- @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10)
- private Long id;
- @Excel(name = "商品SN", width = 20)
- private String productSn;
- @Excel(name = "商品名稱", width = 20)
- private String name;
- @Excel(name = "商品副標(biāo)題", width = 30)
- private String subTitle;
- @Excel(name = "品牌名稱", width = 20)
- private String brandName;
- @Excel(name = "商品價格", width = 10)
- private BigDecimal price;
- @Excel(name = "購買數(shù)量", width = 10, suffix = "件")
- private Integer count;
- }
- 然后添加訂單對象Order,訂單和會員是一對一關(guān)系,使用@ExcelEntity注解表示,訂單和商品是一對多關(guān)系,使用@ExcelCollection注解表示,Order就是我們需要導(dǎo)出的嵌套訂單數(shù)據(jù);
- /**
- * 訂單
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Data
- @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
- public class Order {
- @Excel(name = "ID", width = 10,needMerge = true)
- private Long id;
- @Excel(name = "訂單號", width = 20,needMerge = true)
- private String orderSn;
- @Excel(name = "創(chuàng)建時間", width = 20, format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",needMerge = true)
- private Date createTime;
- @Excel(name = "收貨地址", width = 20,needMerge = true )
- private String receiverAddress;
- @ExcelEntity(name = "會員信息")
- private Member member;
- @ExcelCollection(name = "商品列表")
- private List<Product> productList;
- }
- 接下來在Controller中添加導(dǎo)出訂單列表的接口,由于有些會員信息我們不需要導(dǎo)出,可以調(diào)用ExportParams中的setExclusions方法排除掉;
- /**
- * EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試Controller
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Controller
- @Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試")
- @RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
- public class EasyPoiController {
- @ApiOperation(value = "導(dǎo)出訂單列表Excel")
- @RequestMapping(value = "/exportOrderList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public void exportOrderList(ModelMap map,
- HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response) {
- List<Order> orderList = getOrderList();
- ExportParams params = new ExportParams("訂單列表", "訂單列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
- //導(dǎo)出時排除一些字段
- params.setExclusions(new String[]{"ID", "出生日期", "性別"});
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, orderList);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Order.class);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "orderList");
- PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
- }
- }
- 在Swagger中訪問接口測試,導(dǎo)出訂單列表對應(yīng)Excel;
- 下載完成后,查看下文件,EasyPoi導(dǎo)出復(fù)雜的Excel也是很簡單的!
自定義處理
如果你想對導(dǎo)出字段進行一些自定義處理,EasyPoi也是支持的,比如在會員信息中,如果用戶沒有設(shè)置昵稱,我們添加下暫未設(shè)置信息。
- 我們需要添加一個處理器繼承默認的ExcelDataHandlerDefaultImpl類,然后在exportHandler方法中實現(xiàn)自定義處理邏輯;
- /**
- * 自定義字段處理
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/13.
- */
- public class MemberExcelDataHandler extends ExcelDataHandlerDefaultImpl<Member> {
- @Override
- public Object exportHandler(Member obj, String name, Object value) {
- if("昵稱".equals(name)){
- String emptyValue = "暫未設(shè)置";
- if(value==null){
- return super.exportHandler(obj,name,emptyValue);
- }
- if(value instanceof String&&StrUtil.isBlank((String) value)){
- return super.exportHandler(obj,name,emptyValue);
- }
- }
- return super.exportHandler(obj, name, value);
- }
- @Override
- public Object importHandler(Member obj, String name, Object value) {
- return super.importHandler(obj, name, value);
- }
- }
- 然后修改Controller中的接口,調(diào)用MemberExcelDataHandler處理器的setNeedHandlerFields設(shè)置需要自定義處理的字段,并調(diào)用ExportParams的setDataHandler設(shè)置自定義處理器;
- /**
- * EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試Controller
- * Created by macro on 2021/10/12.
- */
- @Controller
- @Api(tags = "EasyPoiController", description = "EasyPoi導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出測試")
- @RequestMapping("/easyPoi")
- public class EasyPoiController {
- @ApiOperation(value = "導(dǎo)出會員列表Excel")
- @RequestMapping(value = "/exportMemberList", method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public void exportMemberList(ModelMap map,
- HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response) {
- List<Member> memberList = LocalJsonUtil.getListFromJson("json/members.json", Member.class);
- ExportParams params = new ExportParams("會員列表", "會員列表", ExcelType.XSSF);
- //對導(dǎo)出結(jié)果進行自定義處理
- MemberExcelDataHandler handler = new MemberExcelDataHandler();
- handler.setNeedHandlerFields(new String[]{"昵稱"});
- params.setDataHandler(handler);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, memberList);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Member.class);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);
- map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "memberList");
- PoiBaseView.render(map, request, response, NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW);
- }
- }
- 再次調(diào)用導(dǎo)出接口,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)昵稱已經(jīng)添加默認設(shè)置了。
總結(jié)
體驗了一波EasyPoi,它使用注解來操作Excel的方式確實非常好用。如果你想生成更為復(fù)雜的Excel的話,可以考慮下它的模板功能。