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Qt串口回路信號(hào)讀取多線程14串口測(cè)試方案

作者：于喝水
開(kāi)發(fā)
硬件控制流并不是單純依賴硬件，它仍然需要軟件去處理識(shí)別，硬件控制流所做的只是給出信號(hào)電平。

QSerialPort串口

一、思路

串口測(cè)試分為三種：

  • 回路測(cè)試
  • 對(duì)傳
  • 485模式，可以傳輸更遠(yuǎn)的距離

二、環(huán)境

  • Qt 6.4.3
  • Qt serial port模塊
  • Qt Creator 11.0.1

三、添加QSerialPort

  • 打開(kāi)Qt mataintenanceTool
  • 登錄
  • 添加/移動(dòng)組件，點(diǎn)擊下一步

  • 主要是選擇Qt Serial Bus, Qt Serial Port
  • 點(diǎn)擊下一步
  • 點(diǎn)擊更新即可

四、語(yǔ)句介紹

1.數(shù)據(jù)控制流

數(shù)據(jù)控制流 USART_HardwareFlowControl ,控制流，這里的流指數(shù)據(jù)流，在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中，流控制室管理兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)之間數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率過(guò)程，以防止出現(xiàn)接收端的數(shù)據(jù)緩存區(qū)已滿，而發(fā)送端依然繼續(xù)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，所以導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)丟失。

(1) 工作原理

當(dāng)接受端的數(shù)據(jù)緩沖區(qū)已滿，無(wú)法處理數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)時(shí)，就發(fā)出不再接受的信號(hào)，發(fā)送端則停止發(fā)送，直到發(fā)送端收到可以繼續(xù)發(fā)送的信號(hào)再發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，常見(jiàn)的硬件控制流和軟件控制流

(2) 硬件控制流

硬件控制流

RTS和CTS原本是用來(lái)詢問(wèn)和回答是否可以傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。在上面的連接上，就是告訴對(duì)方自己子否可以進(jìn)行通訊，此時(shí)RTS和DTR都可以用來(lái)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)流進(jìn)行控制。

A端DTR(數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)備就緒)發(fā)出信號(hào)，當(dāng)B端準(zhǔn)備好后，B端的DTR(數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)備就緒)向A端的DSR(通訊設(shè)備就緒發(fā)送信號(hào))，然后就可以通過(guò)RTS(請(qǐng)求發(fā)送)和DTR(允許發(fā)送)來(lái)控制通信。

硬件控制流并不是單純依賴硬件，它仍然需要軟件去處理識(shí)別，硬件控制流所做的只是給出信號(hào)電平。

(3) 軟件控制流

軟件流控制(Software flow control)是在計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)鏈路中的一種控制方法，特別適合于RS-232串口通信；它是采用特殊字符來(lái)船速帶內(nèi)信令，特殊編碼字符稱作XOFF與XON(分別表示transmit off與transmit on)。因此也被稱作XON/XOFF流控制

使用ASCII字符集，XOFF一般為字節(jié)值19(十進(jìn)制)，XON為字節(jié)值17

(4) 工作方式

注意：是接收方把XON/XOFF信號(hào)發(fā)給發(fā)送方來(lái)控制發(fā)送方何時(shí)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，這些信號(hào)是與發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸方向相反的。

接收方利用XON信號(hào)告訴發(fā)送方，我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好接受更多的數(shù)據(jù)了，利用XOFF信號(hào)告訴發(fā)送方停止發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，直到接收方發(fā)送XON信號(hào)告訴發(fā)送方我再次準(zhǔn)備好了。

(5) 設(shè)置控制流模式

setFlowControl 函數(shù)：

// setFlowControl對(duì)端口控制進(jìn)行相關(guān)設(shè)置 無(wú)流量控制
serial->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
  • NoFlowControl：沒(méi)有控制
  • hardware flow control ：硬件流控制 （RTS/CTS,DTR /DSR等)
  • Software flow control ：軟件流控制 （XON/XOFF)

設(shè)置控制流

2.設(shè)置端口

設(shè)置端口的名稱，此名字可以使用短名稱或者長(zhǎng)系統(tǒng)地址。

void QSerialPort::setPortName(const QString &name)

3.波特率

輸出傳輸?shù)乃俾?，每秒傳輸?shù)谋忍財(cái)?shù)。

enum QSerialPort::BaudRate
    
/// 可以選擇的內(nèi)容為

Constant

Value

Description

QSerialPort::Baud1200

1200

1200 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud2400

2400

2400 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud4800

4800

4800 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud9600

9600

9600 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud19200

19200

19200 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud38400

38400

38400 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud57600

57600

57600 baud.

QSerialPort::Baud115200

115200

115200 baud.

4.數(shù)據(jù)位

設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)位并保存到幀中，如果設(shè)置成功，則返回true,否則返回false,并設(shè)置一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤代碼，可以通過(guò)訪問(wèn)QSerialPort::error屬性的值來(lái)獲取該代碼。

如果在打開(kāi)端口之前設(shè)置了該設(shè)置，則實(shí)際的串行端口設(shè)置將在QSerialPort::open()方法中自動(dòng)完成，然后端口打開(kāi)成功。

bool setDataBits(DataBits dataBits);
DataBits dataBits() const;

數(shù)據(jù)位

5.奇偶校驗(yàn)位

奇偶校驗(yàn)位

bool setParity(Parity parity);
Parity parity() const;

6.設(shè)置停止位

停止位

bool setStopBits(StopBits stopBits);
StopBits stopBits() const;

7.發(fā)送方式

Hex 16進(jìn)制，本質(zhì)上就是將字節(jié)數(shù)數(shù)組轉(zhuǎn)化為16進(jìn)制，然后用字符串的形式發(fā)送出去。

五、對(duì)于ui參數(shù)隨數(shù)字變化如何設(shè)置

int p = 1;
foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
{
    PortStringList += info.portName();
    ui->port->addItem(info.portName());

    // 構(gòu)造對(duì)象名
    QString objectName = QString("comlist%1").arg(p);

    // 查找對(duì)象
    QLineEdit *comlist = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectName);
    if(comlist) {
        comlist->setText(info.portName());
    }

    p++;
}

六、字符串截取

QString snap = QString("COM");
int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();

七、源代碼

linux與windows端通用多線程串口，可同時(shí)檢測(cè)14個(gè)串口。

1.Com_Test.pro

QT       += core gui
QT       += serialport
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++17

# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    comthread.cpp \
    main.cpp \
    mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS += \
    comthread.h \
    mainwindow.h

FORMS += \
    mainwindow.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

2.comthread.h

#ifndef COMTHREAD_H
#define COMTHREAD_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QSerialPort>
#include <QSerialPortInfo>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>

class ComThread :public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit ComThread(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    explicit ComThread(QString portname,qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    explicit ComThread(qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    explicit ComThread(QString portname);
    // 拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    explicit ComThread(const ComThread &other);
    ComThread& operator = (const ComThread &other)
    {
        qDebug()<<"進(jìn)入拷貝";
        if(this != &other)
        {
            qDebug()<<"進(jìn)入拷貝賦值";
            this->m_com = other.m_com;
            this->mSerialPort = other.mSerialPort;
            this->m_check_num = other.m_check_num;
            this->m_date = other.m_date;
            this->m_rate = other.m_rate;
            this->m_stop_num = other.m_stop_num;

            qDebug()<<"賦值結(jié)束";
        }
        qDebug()<<"返回值";
        return *this;
    }

    ~ ComThread();
public slots:
    // 接受傳入的串口數(shù)據(jù)
    void slot_recv_com(QString portname,qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    void slot_recv_com_s(qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    void slot_recv_com_name(QString portname);
    // 對(duì)應(yīng)主線程的信號(hào)，需要的槽函數(shù)
    // 1,打開(kāi)串口槽函數(shù)
    // 2,關(guān)閉串口槽函數(shù)
    void slot_openPort();
    void slot_closePort();
    void slot_handlMessage();
    void serial_signal();
private:
    QSerialPort* mSerialPort;
    QString m_com;
    qint32 m_rate;
    qint32 m_date;
    qint32 m_check_num;
    qint32 m_stop_num;

    QByteArray  Receivetext;
signals:
    // 發(fā)送信號(hào)

    // 發(fā)送字節(jié)
    void already_send_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 發(fā)送接受字節(jié)
    void already_receive_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 發(fā)送是否成功
    void result(QString com ,qint32 num);  // 0代表失敗 1，代表成功
    // 發(fā)送接受字符串
    void already_receive_string(QString com ,QString string);
    void send_com_signal(QString com,bool DTRstate,bool DCDstate,bool DSRstate,bool RINGRstate,bool RTSstate,bool CTSstate,bool STDstate,bool SRDstate);

};

#endif // COMTHREAD_H

3.comthread.cpp

#include "comthread.h"

ComThread::ComThread(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{
    //    mSerialPort = nullptr;
}

ComThread::ComThread(QString portname)
{
    m_com = portname;
}

ComThread::ComThread(const ComThread &other)
{
//    qDebug()<<"進(jìn)入賦值拷貝";
    this->m_com = other.m_com;
    this->mSerialPort = other.mSerialPort;
    this->m_check_num = other.m_check_num;
    this->m_date = other.m_date;
    this->m_rate = other.m_rate;
    this->m_stop_num = other.m_stop_num;
}

ComThread::ComThread(QString portname, qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_com = portname;
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_check_num = stop_num;

}

ComThread::ComThread(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_check_num = stop_num;
}

ComThread::~ComThread()
{
    if(mSerialPort->isOpen())
    {
        mSerialPort->close();
    }
    delete mSerialPort;
}


void ComThread::slot_recv_com(QString portname, qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_com = portname;
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_stop_num = stop_num;
}
void ComThread::slot_recv_com_s(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_stop_num = stop_num;
}

void ComThread::slot_recv_com_name(QString portname)
{
    m_com = portname;
}

void ComThread::slot_openPort()
{
    mSerialPort = new QSerialPort();

   //  qDebug()<<" "<< m_com<<" "<<m_rate<<" "<<m_date<<" "<<m_check_num<<" "<<m_stop_num;
    // 設(shè)置串口對(duì)應(yīng)的名稱和波特率
    mSerialPort->setPortName(m_com);
    mSerialPort->setBaudRate(m_rate);
    switch(m_date)
    {
        //設(shè)置對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)位
        case5:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data5);break;
        case6:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data6);break;
        case7:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data7);break;
        case8:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);break;
        // 若剛開(kāi)始設(shè)置為空，端口打開(kāi)之后再次進(jìn)行相關(guān)的設(shè)置
        // 若沒(méi)有選擇就不設(shè)置，端口打開(kāi)之后仍可以設(shè)置
        //default:serial->setDataBits(QSerialPort::UnknownDataBits);
    }
    switch(m_check_num)
    {
        case0:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);break;
        case1:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::EvenParity);break;
        case2:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::OddParity);break;
        case3:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::SpaceParity);break;
        case4:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::MarkParity);break;
            //default:serial->setParity(QSerialPort::UnknownParity);
    }
    switch(m_stop_num)
    {

        case0:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);break;
        case1:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop);break;
        case2:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop);break;
        //default:serial->setStopBits(QSerialPort::UnknownStopBits);
    }
    // 關(guān)聯(lián)讀取信號(hào)與槽函數(shù)，處理信息
    mSerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
    connect(mSerialPort,&QSerialPort::readyRead,this,&ComThread::slot_handlMessage);
    qDebug()<<"ComThread slot_openport ThreadID"<< QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(mSerialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
    {
        this->serial_signal();
        // 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
        for(int i = 0;i<5;i++)
        {
            QString realbom = QString("RealReal");
            QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
            // qDebug()<<send<<"Byte大小:"<<send.length();
            mSerialPort->write(send);
            emit already_send_byte(m_com,send.length());
            // QThread::msleep(1000);
            mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(10); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)

        }
        // qDebug()<<"發(fā)送完畢";
        // mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(100); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
        this->slot_closePort();
    }
    else
    {
        //  qDebug()<<"return false";
        // 關(guān)閉信號(hào)
        emit result(m_com,0);

    };
    if(Receivetext.size() == 0)
    {
        //完全沒(méi)有接收到數(shù)據(jù)
        emit result(m_com,0);
    }

}
void ComThread::slot_closePort()
{
    if(mSerialPort->isOpen())
    {
        mSerialPort->close();
    }
}

void ComThread::slot_handlMessage()
{
    qDebug()<<"調(diào)用了此信號(hào)";
    // mSerialPort->waitForBytesWritten(100);
    Receivetext = mSerialPort->readAll();
    // qDebug()<<"接收:"<<QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext)<<"Byte大小:"<<Receivetext.length();
    emit already_receive_byte(m_com,Receivetext.length());
    emit already_receive_string(m_com,QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext));
    if(Receivetext == QString("RealReal") && Receivetext.length() == 7)
    {
        emit result(m_com,1);
    }
    else
    {
        emit result(m_com,0);
    }
}

void ComThread::serial_signal()
{
    // 獲取相關(guān)高低電壓值No
    // bool NOstate = serial->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::NoSignal; // 沒(méi)有信號(hào)
    // 數(shù)據(jù)終端準(zhǔn)備好
    bool DTRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataTerminalReadySignal;
    // 載波信號(hào)
    bool DCDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataCarrierDetectSignal;
    // 數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備好
    bool DSRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataSetReadySignal;
    //
    bool RINGRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::RingIndicatorSignal;
    // 請(qǐng)求發(fā)送
    bool RTSstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::RequestToSendSignal;
    // 清除發(fā)送
    bool CTSstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::ClearToSendSignal;
    // 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
    bool STDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::SecondaryTransmittedDataSignal;
    // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
    bool SRDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::SecondaryReceivedDataSignal;
    emit send_com_signal(m_com,DTRstate,DCDstate,DSRstate,RINGRstate,RTSstate,CTSstate,STDstate,SRDstate);
    /*
    if(DTRstate)
    {
//        ui->DTR->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DTRstate";
    }


    if(DCDstate)
    {
//        ui->DCD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DCDstate";
    }

    if(DSRstate)
    {
//        ui->DSR->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DSRstate";
    }
    if(RINGRstate)
    {
//        ui->PNG->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"RINGRstate";
    }
    if(RTSstate)
    {
//        ui->RTS->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"RTSstate";
    }
    if(CTSstate)
    {
//        ui->CTS->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"CTSstate";
    }
    if(STDstate)
    {
//        ui->STD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"STDstate";
    }

    if(SRDstate)
    {
//        ui->SRD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"SRDstate";
    }
*/
}

4.mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include "comthread.h"
#include <QThread>
//#include <QThreadPool>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow :public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
signals:
    void sig_recv_com(QString portname, qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num);
    void sig_recv_com_s(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num);
    void sig_recv_com_name(QString portname);
    void sig_openPort();
    void sig_closePort();
public slots:
    // 接受子線程傳回的數(shù)據(jù)
    void slots_already_send_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 接受字節(jié)
    void slots_already_receive_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 是否成功
    void slots_result(QString com ,qint32 num);  // 0代表失敗 1，代表成功
    // 接受字符串
    void slots_already_receive_string(QString com ,QString string);
    // 接受引腳信號(hào)
    void send_com_signal(QString com,bool DTRstate,bool DCDstate,bool DSRstate,bool RINGRstate,bool RTSstate,bool CTSstate,bool STDstate,bool SRDstate);
private slots:

    void on_serial_test_clicked();
protected:

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    QStringList PortStringList; // 串口列表
//    QThreadPool *pool = QThreadPool::globalInstance();
    ComThread *comthread;
//    std::vector<ComThread> comthread;
    QThread *mthread;
    QString snap;


};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

5.mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //設(shè)計(jì)循環(huán)，將數(shù)據(jù)放入list列表當(dāng)中
    int p =1;
    foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
    {
        PortStringList += info.portName();
        ui->port->addItem(info.portName());

        // 構(gòu)造對(duì)象名
        QString objectName = QString("comlist%1").arg(p);
        // 查找對(duì)象
        QLineEdit *comlist = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectName);
        if(comlist) {
            comlist->setText(info.portName());
        }
        p++;
    }


    //設(shè)置UI頁(yè)面的默認(rèn)Index
    ui->bo_num->setCurrentIndex(5);
    ui->data_num->setCurrentIndex(3);
    ui->check_num->setCurrentIndex(2);
    ui->stop_num->setCurrentIndex(0);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
    if(mthread->isRunning())
    {
        mthread->quit();
        mthread->wait();
        delete[] mthread;
//        delete[] comthread;
    }
}

void MainWindow::slots_already_send_byte(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("send_byte_") + QString::number(com_num);

    QLabel *label = this->findChild<QLabel *>(objectname);
    if(label)
    {
        label->setText(QString::number(num));
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已發(fā)送"<<num;

}

void MainWindow::slots_already_receive_byte(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("recv_byte_") + QString::number(com_num);

    QLabel *label = this->findChild<QLabel *>(objectname);
    if(label)
    {
        label->setText(QString::number(num));
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已接收"<<num;
}

void MainWindow::slots_result(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("list_result_") + QString::number(com_num);

    QPushButton *button = this->findChild<QPushButton *>(objectname);
    if(button)
    {
        if(1 == num)
        {
            button->setText("通過(guò)");
            button->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(27,167,132)");
        }
        else
        {
            button->setText("失敗");
            button->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(238, 72, 99)");
        }
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"測(cè)試結(jié)果(0代表失敗 1，代表成功)"<<num;
}

void MainWindow::slots_already_receive_string(QString com, QString string)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("recv_date_") + QString::number(com_num);

    QLineEdit *Edit = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectname);
    if(Edit)
    {
        Edit->setText(string);
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已接收字符串"<<string;
}

void MainWindow::send_com_signal(QString com, bool DTR, bool DCD, bool DSR, bool RNG, bool RTS, bool CTS, bool STD, bool SRD)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    {
        if(DTR)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DTR_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(DCD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DCD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(DSR)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DSR_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(RNG)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("RNG_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(RTS)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("RTS_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(CTS)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("CTS_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(STD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("STD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(SRD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("SRD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
    }

    qDebug()<<"com"<<"DTRstate"<<"DCDstate"<<"DSRstate"<<"RINGRstate"<<"RTSstate"<<"CTSstate"<<"STDstate"<<"SRDstate";


    qDebug()<<com<<DTR<<DCD<<DSR<<RNG<<RTS<<CTS<<STD<<SRD;
}


// 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入串口回路測(cè)試
void MainWindow::on_serial_test_clicked()
{
    // 判斷當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    snap = QString("COM");
#elif defined(Q_OS_LINUX)
    snap = QString("ttyS");
#endif


    int qserial_size = PortStringList.size();
    bool open_test[qserial_size];
    for (int i = 0; i < qserial_size; ++i) {
        open_test[i] = true;
    }
    // 獲取串口等信息
    QString Port = ui->port->currentText();
    qint32 rate = ui->bo_num->currentText().toInt();
    qint32 date = ui->data_num->currentText().toInt();
    qint32 check_num = ui->check_num->currentIndex();
    qint32 stop_num = ui->stop_num->currentIndex();
//    qDebug()<<"檢查位:"<<check_num<<"停止位:"<<stop_num;

    // TODO多com口同時(shí)測(cè)試  14個(gè)線程
    mthread = new QThread[qserial_size];
    /*
    // comthread = new ComThread(Port,rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
    // comthread = new ComThread[14](Port,rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
    // ComThread * comthread = new ComThread[PortStringList.size()];
//    comthread = new ComThread[qserial_size];
    // 為每個(gè)元素分配對(duì)應(yīng)的端口，并初始化ComThread對(duì)象數(shù)組
//    for (int i = 0; i < qserial_size; ++i) {
//        comthread[i] = ComThread(PortStringList.at(i));
//    }
*/


/*
    for(int m = 0;m < qserial_size; m++)
    {
        // comthread[m] = ComThread(PortStringList.at(m));
//        comthread.emplace_back(ComThread(PortStringList.at(m)));
    }
    {
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(0)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(1)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(2)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(3)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(4)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(5)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(6)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(7)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(8)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(9)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(10)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(11)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(12)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(13)),
    };
*/
    int i = 0;
    foreach(QString com_e,PortStringList)
    {
        ComThread *comthread = new ComThread(com_e);
        // qDebug()<<com_e;
        // 移入線程

//        comthread[i].moveToThread(&mthread[i]);
        comthread->moveToThread(&mthread[i]);
        mthread[i].start();

        //關(guān)聯(lián)信號(hào)
        if(open_test[i])
        {
//            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_openPort);
//            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,comthread,&ComThread::slot_openPort);
            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,comthread,&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            // 關(guān)聯(lián)返回信號(hào)
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_receive_byte,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_receive_byte);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_receive_string,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_receive_string);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_send_byte,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_send_byte);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::result,this,&MainWindow::slots_result);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::send_com_signal,this,&MainWindow::send_com_signal);

            open_test[i] = false;
        }
        qDebug()<<"main ThreaiD:"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
        emit sig_recv_com_s(rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
        emit sig_openPort();
//        pool->start(comthread);
        {
            // 取消單個(gè)信號(hào)對(duì)所有串口的信號(hào)連接
//            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_openPort);
//            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,comthread,&ComThread::slot_openPort);
            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,comthread,&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
        }
        i++;
        // pool->waitForDone();
        //
        qDebug()<<"執(zhí)行結(jié)束";
//        QThread::sleep(1);
        // mthread->quit();
        // mthread[0].isFinished();

    }
    // 循環(huán)結(jié)束線程
    for(int j = 0;j<PortStringList.size();j++)
    {
        if(mthread[j].isFinished())
        {
            // qDebug()<<"quit"<<j;
            mthread[j].quit();
            mthread[j].wait();

        }
        else
        {
            // qDebug()<<"wait"<<j;
            mthread[j].quit();
            mthread[j].wait();

        }
    }
//    delete [] mthread;
}

6.main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

八、問(wèn)題解決

1.多線程中出現(xiàn)QObject: Cannot create children for a parent that is in a different thread

這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤提示的實(shí)際意思是，不能在子線程中生成跨線程調(diào)用的成員。如果一個(gè)成員在父線程中被直接調(diào)用了，那么這個(gè)成員必須處在父線程中，強(qiáng)行在子線程中生成就會(huì)出現(xiàn)這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤提示。

將在多線程中構(gòu)造函數(shù)中new出來(lái)的變量，放到run中執(zhí)行，因?yàn)闃?gòu)造函數(shù)是在主線程完成初始化的，線程所屬于不同的線程，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)此類錯(cuò)誤。

解決此問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵將線程放到一個(gè)地方，例如子線程中的對(duì)串口的new定義。

2.munmap_chunk(): invalid pointer解決方案線程池釋放，程序崩潰

程序分析：將程序線程池取消自動(dòng)釋放，結(jié)果程序確實(shí)沒(méi)有發(fā)生崩潰，可以繼續(xù)運(yùn)行，所以分析斷定，程序崩潰為線程池析構(gòu)時(shí)的問(wèn)題。

展示關(guān)閉線程自動(dòng)銷毀功能，同時(shí)程序中多次使用。

解決方案：檢查程序結(jié)束，或者異常結(jié)束資源銷毀問(wèn)題。

3.循環(huán)發(fā)送信息，并沒(méi)有收到數(shù)據(jù)，而是最后一起收到數(shù)據(jù)

在發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)之后，加入waitForReadyRead(10);函數(shù)，就會(huì)接受數(shù)據(jù)，此函數(shù)功能為等待接受，與其說(shuō)等待，其實(shí)立馬就接受了數(shù)據(jù)。否則在測(cè)試當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)了五次循環(huán)結(jié)束，一同接受數(shù)據(jù)的情況。

for(int i = 0;i<5;i++)
{
    QString realbom = "realbom";
    QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
    qDebug()<<send;
    mSerialPort->write(send);
//        QThread::sleep(1);
    mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(10); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
}

4.接受數(shù)據(jù)和發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)格式不同，接受數(shù)據(jù)亂碼

  • 查詢是否是串口參數(shù)配置問(wèn)題。我的確實(shí)是此問(wèn)題，當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)是玩完沒(méi)有想到，設(shè)置默認(rèn)值之后，就可以
  • 設(shè)置正確的編碼轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系
QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
qDebug()<<send<<"Byte大小:"<<send.length();
mSerialPort->write(send);
QByteArray  Receivetext = mSerialPort->readAll();
qDebug()<<"接收:"<<QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext)<<"Byte大小:"<<Receivetext.length();


責(zé)任編輯：趙寧寧 來(lái)源： 瓶子的跋涉
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