詳解AIX 5L NFS Server的建設(shè)
對于AIX大家應(yīng)該有所了解。那么現(xiàn)在我們主要講解一下NFS服務(wù)器的大家,那么我們的平臺則是AIX 5L。那么具體的在AIX 5L上配置NFS Server/Client的過程我們就來詳細介紹一下。
一、配置AIX 5L NFS Server
首先需要啟動NFS Server,可以通過smit nfs–> Network File System (NFS) –>Configure NFS on This System啟動或者停止nfs服務(wù)組。
可以通過lssrc -g nfs查看nfs的服務(wù)情況
- #lssrc -g nfs
- Subsystem Group PID Status
- biod nfs 712706 active
- nfsd nfs 635260 active
- rpc.mountd nfs 462932 active
- rpc.lockd nfs 639418 active
- rpc.statd nfs 757914 active
- nfsrgyd nfs inoperative
- gssd nfs inoperative
當然,以上也可以通過startsrc -g nfs與stopsrc -g nfs啟動與停止該服務(wù)組子系統(tǒng)。每當系統(tǒng)啟動時,/etc/rc.nfs運行exportfs命令來讀取服務(wù)器上的/etc/exports文件,然后告訴內(nèi)核要導(dǎo)出哪些目錄與對應(yīng)的權(quán)限。然后rpc.mountd和以上守護進程由/etc/rc.nfs啟動。
/etc/exports指定了AIX 5L nfs server要導(dǎo)出的目錄與權(quán)限,該文件內(nèi)容如下,如
- #more /etc/exports
- /u01/logs -sec=sys:krb5p:krb5i:krb5:dh:none,rw,access=host_name
注意:這里的access一定要寫機器名,其機器名對應(yīng)的ip在/etc/hosts中體現(xiàn)出來
用exportfs可以導(dǎo)出該目錄,如:
- #/usr/sbin/exportfs -a
- #/usr/sbin/exportfs
- /u01/logs -sec=sys:krb5p:krb5i:krb5:dh:none,rw,access=host_name
關(guān)于更多的exportfs的用法,可以查看相關(guān)幫助,另外,/etc/xtab則與/ext/exports有一樣的格式,運行exportfs的時候,/etc/xtab將被更新,這樣可以臨時導(dǎo)出一個目錄而不更新exports文件。
關(guān)于/etc/exports的更新,也可以用smit nfs–>Network File System (NFS) –>Add a Directory to Exports List或者是Change / Show Attributes of an Exported Directory來實現(xiàn),如
- #smit chnfsexp
- * Pathname of directory to export /u01/logs
- Anonymous UID [-2]
- Public filesystem? [no]
- * Change export now, system restart or both both
- Pathname of alternate exports file []
- Allow access by NFS versions []
- External name of directory (NFS V4 access only) []
- Referral locations (NFS V4 access only) []
- Replica locations []
- Ensure primary hostname in replica list yes
- Allow delegations? []
- Security method [sys,krb5p,krb5i,krb5,dh,none]
- Mode to export directory [read-write]
- Hostname list. If exported read-mostly []
- Hosts & netgroups allowed client access [host_name1,host_name2]
- Hosts allowed root access []
驗證服務(wù)器中上的 /etc/exports 文件是否列出客戶機要安裝的文件系統(tǒng)名稱以及該文件系統(tǒng)是否已導(dǎo)出。輸入以下命令進行操作:
- #showmount -e server_name
該命令在AIX 5L NFS Server/client上都可以正常運行,列出了由 server_name 當前導(dǎo)出的所有文件系統(tǒng)。 #p#
二、配置AIX 5L NFS Client
nfs的client配置比較簡單,需要portmap服務(wù)正常即可。
- #lssrc -s portmap
- Subsystem Group PID Status
- portmap portmap 225506 active
關(guān)于mount的信息,是寫在/etc/filesystems中的,如
- #more /etc/filesystems
- ......
- /mydisk:
- dev = "/disk1"
- vfs = nfs
- nodename = dbbak
- mount = false
- type = nfs3
- options = soft,intr,retry=2,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,timeo=300,proto=tcp
- account = false
- ......
其中nodename指定了服務(wù)器的名字,其對應(yīng)的ip在/etc/hosts中體現(xiàn),dev指定了服務(wù)器的export出來的目錄。
關(guān)于更多的options的設(shè)置,可以查閱更多的nfs的文檔。
其詳細信息,也可以在smit中獲得,如smit nfs–>Network File System (NFS) –>Add a File System for Mounting或者是Change / Show Attributes of an NFS File System。如
- #smit chnfsmnt
- * PATHNAME of mount point /mydisk
- * PATHNAME of Remote Directory [/disk1]
- * HOST where remote directory resides [dbbak]
- Mount type NAME [nfs3]
- * Use SECURE mount option? no
- * Remount file system now, both
- update /etc/filesystems or both?
- * /etc/filesystems entry will mount the directory no
- on system RESTART.
- * MODE for this NFS file system read-write
- * ATTEMPT mount in background or foreground? foreground
- NUMBER of times to attempt mount [2]
- Buffer SIZE for read [32768]
- Buffer SIZE for writes [32768]
- NFS TIMEOUT. In tenths of a second [300]
- NFS version for this NFS file system any
- Transport protocol to use tcp
- Internet port NUMBER for server []
- * Allow execution of SUID and sgid programs yes
- in this file system?
- * Allow DEVICE access via this mount? yes
- * Server supports long DEVICE NUMBERS? yes
- * Mount file system soft or hard soft
驗證 mountd、portmap 和 nfsd 守護程序正在 NFS 服務(wù)器上運行,請在客戶機 shell 提示符下輸入以下命令:
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name mount
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name portmap
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name nfs
如果守護程序在服務(wù)器運行,會返回以下響應(yīng):
- program 100005 version 1 ready and waiting
- program 100000 version 2 ready and waiting
- program 100003 version 2 ready and waiting
程序號分別與命令對應(yīng),如前例中所示。如果沒有返回類似的響應(yīng),請在服務(wù)器控制臺上登錄服務(wù)器并按照獲取 NFS 守護程序的當前狀態(tài)中的指示信息檢查守護程序的狀態(tài)。
- #showmount -e server_name
該命令列出了由 server_name 當前導(dǎo)出的所有文件系統(tǒng)。
注意:如果在AIX上mount linux的nfs文件系統(tǒng),可能需要特殊執(zhí)行:
- #nfso -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1