C#微信公眾平臺開發(fā)—高級群發(fā)接口
涉及access_token的獲取請參考《C#微信公眾平臺開發(fā)—access_token的獲取存儲與更新》
一、為了實(shí)現(xiàn)高級群發(fā)功能,需要解決的問題
1、通過微信接口上傳圖文消息素材時(shí),Json中的圖片不是url而是media_id,如何通過微信接口上傳圖片并獲取圖片的media_id?
2、圖片存儲在什么地方,如何獲???
二、實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟,以根據(jù)OpenID列表群發(fā)圖文消息為例
1、準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)
我把數(shù)據(jù)存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫中,ImgUrl字段是圖片在服務(wù)器上的相對路徑(這里的服務(wù)器是自己的服務(wù)器,不是微信的哦)。
從數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲取數(shù)據(jù)放到DataTable中:
- DataTable dt = ImgItemDal.GetImgItemTable(loginUser.OrgID, data);
2、通過微信接口上傳圖片,返回圖片的media_id
取ImgUrl字段數(shù)據(jù),通過MapPath方法獲取圖片在服務(wù)器上的物理地址,用FileStream類讀取圖片,并上傳給微信
HTTP上傳文件代碼(HttpRequestUtil類):
- /// <summary>
- /// Http上傳文件
- /// </summary>
- public static string HttpUploadFile(string url, string path)
- {
- // 設(shè)置參數(shù)
- HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
- CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
- request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
- request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
- request.Method = "POST";
- string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 隨機(jī)分隔線
- request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8;boundary=" + boundary;
- byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
- byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
- int pos = path.LastIndexOf("\\");
- string fileName = path.Substring(pos + 1);
- //請求頭部信息
- StringBuilder sbHeader = new StringBuilder(string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n", fileName));
- byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sbHeader.ToString());
- FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
- byte[] bArr = new byte[fs.Length];
- fs.Read(bArr, 0, bArr.Length);
- fs.Close();
- Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream();
- postStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, 0, itemBoundaryBytes.Length);
- postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length);
- postStream.Write(bArr, 0, bArr.Length);
- postStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, 0, endBoundaryBytes.Length);
- postStream.Close();
- //發(fā)送請求并獲取相應(yīng)回應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
- HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
- //直到request.GetResponse()程序才開始向目標(biāo)網(wǎng)頁發(fā)送Post請求
- Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream();
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8);
- //返回結(jié)果網(wǎng)頁(html)代碼
- string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
- return content;
- }
請求微信接口,上傳圖片,返回media_id(WXApi類):
- /// <summary>
- /// 上傳媒體返回媒體ID
- /// </summary>
- public static string UploadMedia(string access_token, string type, string path)
- {
- // 設(shè)置參數(shù)
- string url = string.Format("http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token={0}&type={1}", access_token, type);
- return HttpRequestUtil.HttpUploadFile(url, path);
- }
- string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path); // 上圖片返回媒體ID
- string media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id");
傳入的path(aspx.cs文件中的代碼):
- string path = MapPath(data);
一個(gè)圖文消息由若干條圖文組成,每條圖文有標(biāo)題、內(nèi)容、鏈接、圖片等
遍歷每條圖文數(shù)據(jù),分別請求微信接口,上傳圖片,獲取media_id
3、上傳圖文消息素材
拼接圖文消息素材Json字符串(ImgItemDal類(操作圖文消息表的類)):
- /// <summary>
- /// 拼接圖文消息素材Json字符串
- /// </summary>
- public static string GetArticlesJsonStr(PageBase page, string access_token, DataTable dt)
- {
- StringBuilder sbArticlesJson = new StringBuilder();
- sbArticlesJson.Append("{\"articles\":[");
- int i = 0;
- foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
- {
- string path = page.MapPath(dr["ImgUrl"].ToString());
- if (!File.Exists(path))
- {
- return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"要發(fā)送的圖片不存在\"}";
- }
- string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path); // 上圖片返回媒體ID
- string media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("{");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"thumb_media_id\":\"" + media_id + "\",");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"author\":\"" + dr["Author"].ToString() + "\",");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"title\":\"" + dr["Title"].ToString() + "\",");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"content_source_url\":\"" + dr["TextUrl"].ToString() + "\",");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"content\":\"" + dr["Content"].ToString() + "\",");
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"digest\":\"" + dr["Content"].ToString() + "\",");
- if (i == dt.Rows.Count - 1)
- {
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"show_cover_pic\":\"1\"}");
- }
- else
- {
- sbArticlesJson.Append("\"show_cover_pic\":\"1\"},");
- }
- i++;
- }
- sbArticlesJson.Append("]}");
- return sbArticlesJson.ToString();
- }
上傳圖文消息素材,獲取圖文消息的media_id:
- /// <summary>
- /// 請求Url,發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
- /// </summary>
- public static string PostUrl(string url, string postData)
- {
- byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
- // 設(shè)置參數(shù)
- HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
- CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
- request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
- request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
- request.Method = "POST";
- request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
- request.ContentLength = data.Length;
- Stream outstream = request.GetRequestStream();
- outstream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
- outstream.Close();
- //發(fā)送請求并獲取相應(yīng)回應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
- HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
- //直到request.GetResponse()程序才開始向目標(biāo)網(wǎng)頁發(fā)送Post請求
- Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream();
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8);
- //返回結(jié)果網(wǎng)頁(html)代碼
- string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
- return content;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 上傳圖文消息素材返回media_id
- /// </summary>
- public static string UploadNews(string access_token, string postData)
- {
- return HttpRequestUtil.PostUrl(string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/uploadnews?access_token={0}", access_token), postData);
- }
- string articlesJson = ImgItemDal.GetArticlesJsonStr(this, access_token, dt);
- string newsMsg = WXApi.UploadNews(access_token, articlesJson);
- string newsid = Tools.GetJsonValue(newsMsg, "media_id");
4、群發(fā)圖文消息
獲取全部關(guān)注者OpenID集合(WXApi類):
- /// <summary>
- /// 獲取關(guān)注者OpenID集合
- /// </summary>
- public static List<string> GetOpenIDs(string access_token)
- {
- List<string> result = new List<string>();
- List<string> openidList = GetOpenIDs(access_token, null);
- result.AddRange(openidList);
- while (openidList.Count > 0)
- {
- openidList = GetOpenIDs(access_token, openidList[openidList.Count - 1]);
- result.AddRange(openidList);
- }
- return result;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 獲取關(guān)注者OpenID集合
- /// </summary>
- public static List<string> GetOpenIDs(string access_token, string next_openid)
- {
- // 設(shè)置參數(shù)
- string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get?access_token={0}&next_openid={1}", access_token, string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(next_openid) ? "" : next_openid);
- string returnStr = HttpRequestUtil.RequestUrl(url);
- int count = int.Parse(Tools.GetJsonValue(returnStr, "count"));
- if (count > 0)
- {
- string startFlg = "\"openid\":[";
- int start = returnStr.IndexOf(startFlg) + startFlg.Length;
- int end = returnStr.IndexOf("]", start);
- string openids = returnStr.Substring(start, end - start).Replace("\"", "");
- return openids.Split(',').ToList<string>();
- }
- else
- {
- return new List<string>();
- }
- }
- List<string> openidList = WXApi.GetOpenIDs(access_token); //獲取關(guān)注者OpenID列表
拼接圖文消息Json(WXMsgUtil類):
- /// <summary>
- /// 圖文消息json
- /// </summary>
- public static string CreateNewsJson(string media_id, List<string> openidList)
- {
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
- sb.Append("{\"touser\":[");
- sb.Append(string.Join(",", openidList.ConvertAll<string>(a => "\"" + a + "\"").ToArray()));
- sb.Append("],");
- sb.Append("\"msgtype\":\"mpnews\",");
- sb.Append("\"mpnews\":{\"media_id\":\"" + media_id + "\"}");
- sb.Append("}");
- return sb.ToString();
- }
群發(fā)代碼:
- resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateNewsJson(newsid, openidList));
- /// <summary>
- /// 根據(jù)OpenID列表群發(fā)
- /// </summary>
- public static string Send(string access_token, string postData)
- {
- return HttpRequestUtil.PostUrl(string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/send?access_token={0}", access_token), postData);
- }
供群發(fā)按鈕調(diào)用的方法(data是傳到頁面的id,根據(jù)它從數(shù)據(jù)庫中取數(shù)據(jù)):
- /// <summary>
- /// 群發(fā)
- /// </summary>
- public string Send()
- {
- string type = Request["type"];
- string data = Request["data"];
- string access_token = AdminUtil.GetAccessToken(this); //獲取access_token
- List<string> openidList = WXApi.GetOpenIDs(access_token); //獲取關(guān)注者OpenID列表
- UserInfo loginUser = AdminUtil.GetLoginUser(this); //當(dāng)前登錄用戶
- string resultMsg = null;
- //發(fā)送文本
- if (type == "1")
- {
- resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateTextJson(data, openidList));
- }
- //發(fā)送圖片
- if (type == "2")
- {
- string path = MapPath(data);
- if (!File.Exists(path))
- {
- return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"要發(fā)送的圖片不存在\"}";
- }
- string msg = WXApi.UploadMedia(access_token, "image", path);
- string media_id = Tools.GetJsonValue(msg, "media_id");
- resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateImageJson(media_id, openidList));
- }
- //發(fā)送圖文消息
- if (type == "3")
- {
- DataTable dt = ImgItemDal.GetImgItemTable(loginUser.OrgID, data);
- string articlesJson = ImgItemDal.GetArticlesJsonStr(this, access_token, dt);
- string newsMsg = WXApi.UploadNews(access_token, articlesJson);
- string newsid = Tools.GetJsonValue(newsMsg, "media_id");
- resultMsg = WXApi.Send(access_token, WXMsgUtil.CreateNewsJson(newsid, openidList));
- }
- //結(jié)果處理
- if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(resultMsg))
- {
- string errcode = Tools.GetJsonValue(resultMsg, "errcode");
- string errmsg = Tools.GetJsonValue(resultMsg, "errmsg");
- if (errcode == "0")
- {
- return "{\"code\":1,\"msg\":\"\"}";
- }
- else
- {
- return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"errcode:"
- + errcode + ", errmsg:"
- + errmsg + "\"}";
- }
- }
- else
- {
- return "{\"code\":0,\"msg\":\"type參數(shù)錯(cuò)誤\"}";
- }
- }
C#微信公眾平臺開發(fā)源碼在我的博客首頁左側(cè)下面
原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/s0611163/p/4099735.html