Python實(shí)現(xiàn)MySQL測(cè)試用例管理及執(zhí)行
引言
在軟件開發(fā)過程中,自動(dòng)化測(cè)試是非常重要的一環(huán)。本文將介紹如何使用Python和MySQL來管理和執(zhí)行測(cè)試用例,并處理用例之間的依賴關(guān)系和參數(shù)化問題。我們將通過幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的步驟來構(gòu)建一個(gè)完整的測(cè)試框架。
項(xiàng)目需求概述
我們的目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試框架,能夠從MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取測(cè)試用例,然后根據(jù)這些用例發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求,并記錄響應(yīng)結(jié)果。此外,我們還需要支持用例之間的依賴關(guān)系以及參數(shù)化功能。
數(shù)據(jù)庫表testdata包含以下字段:
id: 用例ID
用例名稱: 用例的描述
是否需要token (0為需要, 1為不需要,默認(rèn)為0)
請(qǐng)求方式 (0為GET, 1為POST)
請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)格式 (0為application/json, 1為application/x-www-form-urlencoded)
請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù) (統(tǒng)一存放格式為JSON)
返回?cái)?shù)據(jù) (測(cè)試用例執(zhí)行后回寫)
depends_on (依賴的用例ID)
項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)
為了更好地組織代碼,我們將項(xiàng)目分為以下幾個(gè)部分:
- 數(shù)據(jù)庫操作模塊 (db_operations.py)
- 測(cè)試用例執(zhí)行模塊 (test_executor.py)
- 主程序 (main.py)
數(shù)據(jù)庫操作模塊 (db_operations.py)
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import Error
class DB:
def __init__(self, host, database, user, password):
self.host = host
self.database = database
self.user = user
self.password = password
self.connection = None
def connect(self):
try:
self.connection = mysql.connector.connect(
host=self.host,
database=self.database,
user=self.user,
password=self.password
)
if self.connection.is_connected():
return True
except Error as e:
print(f"Error while connecting to MySQL: {e}")
return False
def close(self):
if self.connection and self.connection.is_connected():
self.connection.close()
def get_test_cases(self):
cursor = self.connection.cursor(dictinotallow=True)
query = "SELECT * FROM testdata"
cursor.execute(query)
results = cursor.fetchall()
cursor.close()
return results
def update_test_case(self, id, response):
cursor = self.connection.cursor()
query = "UPDATE testdata SET 返回?cái)?shù)據(jù) = %s WHERE id = %s"
cursor.execute(query, (response, id))
self.connection.commit()
cursor.close()
測(cè)試用例執(zhí)行模塊 (test_executor.py)
import requests
import json
from db_operations import DB
def send_request(test_case, context):
headers = {}
if test_case['請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)格式'] == 0:
headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
data = json.loads(test_case['請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)'])
else:
headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
data = test_case['請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)']
# 參數(shù)化:替換請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)中的占位符
for key, value in data.items():
if isinstance(value, str) and value.startswith('{{') and value.endswith('}}'):
var_name = value[2:-2]
if var_name in context:
data[key] = context[var_name]
url = "http://your_api_url_here" # 替換為實(shí)際的API URL
if test_case['請(qǐng)求方式'] == 0:
response = requests.get(url, params=data, headers=headers)
else:
if test_case['是否需要token'] == 0:
headers['Authorization'] = 'Bearer your_token_here' # 替換為實(shí)際的Token
response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(data) if headers['Content-Type'] == 'application/json' else data, headers=headers)
return response.text
def run_tests(host, database, user, password):
db = DB(host, database, user, password)
if not db.connect():
return
test_cases = db.get_test_cases()
context = {} # 用于存儲(chǔ)變量值
for test_case in test_cases:
# 檢查是否存在依賴
depends_on = test_case.get('depends_on')
if depends_on:
# 獲取依賴用例的結(jié)果
dependency = next((tc for tc in test_cases if tc['id'] == depends_on), None)
if dependency and '返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)' in dependency:
# 將依賴用例的結(jié)果放入上下文中
context.update(json.loads(dependency['返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)']))
# 執(zhí)行當(dāng)前用例
response = send_request(test_case, context)
db.update_test_case(test_case['id'], response)
# 更新上下文
context.update(json.loads(response))
db.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 這里可以添加參數(shù)解析器來動(dòng)態(tài)獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫連接信息等
run_tests('localhost', 'your_database', 'your_user', 'your_password')
主程序 (main.py)
# main.py
from test_executor import run_tests
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 可以在這里添加額外的初始化代碼、日志記錄等
run_tests('localhost', 'your_database', 'your_user', 'your_password')
總結(jié)
通過上述步驟,我們已經(jīng)構(gòu)建了一個(gè)基本的測(cè)試框架,可以從MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取測(cè)試用例,處理用例之間的依賴關(guān)系,并支持參數(shù)化。這個(gè)框架可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需求進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展和完善,例如增加更多的錯(cuò)誤處理機(jī)制、日志記錄以及更復(fù)雜的依賴邏輯。