cat >expect <<-EOF 
 Hello, world. 
 EOF

test_expect_success “app output test” ‘ 
     cat >expect <<-EOF && 
     Hello, world. 
     EOF 
     hello-world >actual && 
     test_cmp expect actual 
 ‘

test_expect_success “name” ‘ 
     <Script…> 
 ‘ 
  
 test_pause 
 test_done

#!/bin/sh 
  # 
  # Copyright (c) 2018 Jiang Xin 
  # 
  
  test_description='Test git pack-redundant 
  
  In order to test git-pack-redundant, we will create a number of objects and 
  packs in the repository `master.git`. The relationship between packs (P1-P8) 
  and objects (T, A-R) is showed in the following chart. Objects of a pack will 
  be marked with letter x, while objects of redundant packs will be marked with 
  exclamation point, and redundant pack itself will be marked with asterisk. 
  
          | T A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 
      ----+-------------------------------------- 
      P1  | x x x x x x x                       x 
      P2* |     ! ! ! !   ! ! ! 
      P3  |             x     x x x x x 
      P4* |                     ! ! ! !     ! 
      P5  |               x x           x x 
      P6* |                             ! !   ! 
      P7  |                                 x x 
      P8* |   ! 
      ----+-------------------------------------- 
      ALL | x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 
  
  Another repository `shared.git` has unique objects (X-Z), while other objects 
  (marked with letter s) are shared through alt-odb (of `master.git`). The 
  relationship between packs and objects is as follows: 
  
          | T A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R   X Y Z 
      ----+---------------------------------------------- 
      Px1 |   s s s                                 x x x 
      Px2 |         s s s                           x x x 
  '

. ./test-lib.sh

master_repo=master.git 
  shared_repo=shared.git 
  
  # Create commits in <repo> and assign each commit's oid to shell variables 
  # given in the arguments (A, B, and C). E.g.: 
  # 
  #     create_commits_in <repo> A B C 
  # 
  # NOTE: Avoid calling this function from a subshell since variable 
  # assignments will disappear when subshell exits. 
  create_commits_in () { 
      repo="$1" && 
      if ! parent=$(git -C "$repo" rev-parse HEAD^{} 2>/dev/null) 
      then 
  ... ...

test_expect_success 'setup master repo' ' 
      git init --bare "$master_repo" && 
      create_commits_in "$master_repo" A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 
  ' 
  
  ############################################################################# 
  # Chart of packs and objects for this test case 
  # 
  #         | T A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 
  #     ----+-------------------------------------- 
  #     P1  | x x x x x x x                       x 
  #     P2  |     x x x x   x x x 
  #     P3  |             x     x x x x x 
  #     ----+-------------------------------------- 
  #     ALL | x x x x x x x x x x x x x x         x 
  # 
  ############################################################################# 
  test_expect_success 'master: no redundant for pack 1, 2, 3' ' 
      create_pack_in "$master_repo" P1 <<-EOF && 
          $T 
          $A 
          $B 
          $C 
          $D 
          $E 
          $F 
          $R 
          EOF 
      create_pack_in "$master_repo" P2 <<-EOF && 
          $B 
          $C 
          $D 
          $E 
          $G 
          $H 
          $I 
          EOF 
      create_pack_in "$master_repo" P3 <<-EOF && 
          $F 
          $I 
          $J 
          $K 
          $L 
          $M 
          EOF 
      ( 
          cd "$master_repo" && 
          git pack-redundant --all >out && 
          test_must_be_empty out 
      ) 
  '

test_done

#!/bin/sh      
  test_description="git-repo init"

. ./lib/sharness.sh

# Create manifest repositories  
  manifest_url="file://${REPO_TEST_REPOSITORIES}/hello/manifests"

test_expect_success "setup" ' 
      # create .repo file as a barrier, not find .repo deeper 
      touch .repo && 
      mkdir work 
  ' 
      
  test_expect_success "git-repo init -u" ' 
      ( 
          cd work && 
          git-repo init -u $manifest_url 
      ) 
  ' 
      
  test_expect_success "manifest points to default.xml" ' 
      ( 
          cd work && 
          test -f .repo/manifest.xml && 
          echo manifests/default.xml >expect && 
          readlink .repo/manifest.xml >actual && 
          test_cmp expect actual 
      ) 
  '

test_done

test_expect_success 'initial checksum' ' 
         ( 
                 cd bare.git && 
                 git checksum --init && 
                 test -f info/checksum && 
                 test -f info/checksum.log 
         ) && 
         cat >expect <<-EOF && 
         INFO[<time>]: initialize checksum 
         EOF 
         cat bare.git/info/checksum.log | 
                 sed -e "s/\[.*\]/[<time>]/" >actual && 
         test_cmp expect actual 
 '

test_expect_success !MINGW,!CYGWIN \ 
                                    ’correct handling of backslashes' ' 
         rm -rf whitespace && 
         mkdir whitespace && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 1  " && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 2 \\\\" && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 3 \\\\" && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 4   \\ " && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 5 \\ \\ " && 
         >"whitespace/trailing 6 \\a\\" && 
         >whitespace/untracked && 
         sed -e "s/Z$//" >ignore <<-\EOF && 
         whitespace/trailing 1 \    Z 
         whitespace/trailing 2 \\\\Z 
         whitespace/trailing 3 \\\\ Z 
         whitespace/trailing 4   \\\    Z 
         whitespace/trailing 5 \\ \\\   Z 
         whitespace/trailing 6 \\a\\Z 
         EOF 
         echo whitespace/untracked >expect && 
         git ls-files -o -X ignore whitespace >actual 2>err && 
         test_cmp expect actual && 
         test_must_be_empty err 
 '

test_expect_success 'shared: create new objects and packs' ' 
         create_commits_in "$shared_repo" X Y Z && 
         create_pack_in "$shared_repo" Px1 <<-EOF && 
                 $X 
                 $Y 
                 $Z 
                 $A 
                 $B 
                 $C 
                 EOF 
         create_pack_in "$shared_repo" Px2 <<-EOF 
                 $X 
                 $Y 
                 $Z 
                 $D 
                 $E 
                 $F 
                 EOF 
 '

create_pack_in () { 
         repo="$1" && 
         name="$2" && 
         pack=$(git -C "$repo/objects/pack" pack-objects -q pack) && 
         eval $name=$pack && 
         eval P$pack=$name:$pack 
 }

test_expect_success 'master: one of pack-2/pack-3 is redundant' ' 
         create_pack_in "$master_repo" P4 <<-EOF && 
                 $J 
                 $K 
                 $L 
                 $M 
                 $P 
                 EOF 
         create_pack_in "$master_repo" P5 <<-EOF && 
                 $G 
                 $H 
                 $N 
                 $O 
                 EOF 
         ( 
                 cd "$master_repo" && 
                 cat >expect <<-EOF && 
                         P3:$P3 
                         EOF 
                 git pack-redundant --all >out && 
                 format_packfiles <out >actual && 
                 test_cmp expect actual 
         ) 
 '

> +format_git_output () { 
  
 Unless this helper is able to take any git output and massage, 
 please describe what kind of git output it is meant to handle. 
  
 Also, "format" does not tell anything to the readers why it wants to 
 transform its input or what its output is supposed to look like.  It 
 does not help readers and future developers.

> + 
 > +  # setup pre-receive hook 
 > +  cat >upstream/hooks/pre-receive <<-EOF && 
  
 Wouldn't it make it easier to read the resulting text if you quoted 
 the end-of-here-text marker here, i.e. "<<\-EOF"?  That way, you can 
 lose backslash before $old, $new and $ref. 
  
 > +  #!/bin/sh 
 > + 
 > +  printf >&2 "# pre-receive hook\n" 
 > + 
 > +  while read old new ref 
 > +  do 
 > +    printf >&2 "pre-receive< \$old \$new \$ref\n" 
 > +  done 
 > +  EOF